Hierarchical evolution of the bacterial sporulation network.

Hierarchical evolution of the bacterial sporulation network.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cub.2010.06.031
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发表时间:
2010-09-14
期刊:
影响因子:
9.2
通讯作者:
Vitkup, Dennis
Vitkup, Dennis
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
de Hoon, Michiel J. L.;Eichenberger, Patrick;Vitkup, Dennis

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多个物种的基因组测序使人们有可能了解发育调控网络进化背后的主要原则。它是特别有趣的是,分析定义良好的模型系统,其中保护模式可以直接与各种网络组件的功能角色的演变。在枯草芽孢杆菌中被广泛研究的内生孢子形成(孢子形成)由细胞发育和分化的这种模型细菌网络驱动。在这篇综述中,我们分析了在多种内生孢子形成细菌的孢子形成网络的演变。重要的是,网络演化不是随机的,而是主要遵循孢子形成过程的层级组织和功能逻辑。具体而言,孢子形成σ因子和孢子形成的主调节因子Spo0A在所有考虑的孢子形成者中是保守的。这些全局调节因子的顺序激活也是高度保守的。前馈回路,这可能是用来微调调控模块内的基因表达波,显示出中等水平的保守性。这些环比西格玛因子保守性低,但比形成孢子形成网络的功能和进化层次中的最低水平的结构孢子形成基因保守性高。有趣的是,在孢子形成细菌中,孢子形成基因的基因调控比基因存在更保守,而非孢子形成基因则相反。观察到的模式表明,通过了解模式生物中发育网络的功能组织,就有可能了解多个相关物种中该网络进化背后的逻辑。
Genome sequencing of multiple species makes it possible to understand the main principles behind the evolution of developmental regulatory networks. It is especially interesting to analyze the evolution of well-defined model systems in which conservation patterns can be directly correlated with the functional roles of various network components. Endospore formation (sporulation), extensively studied in Bacillus subtilis, is driven by such a model bacterial network of cellular development and differentiation. In this review, we analyze the evolution of the sporulation network in multiple endospore-forming bacteria. Importantly, the network evolution is not random but primarily follows the hierarchical organization and functional logic of the sporulation process. Specifically, the sporulation sigma factors and the master regulator of sporulation, Spo0A, are conserved in all considered spore-formers. The sequential activation of these global regulators is also strongly conserved. The feed-forward loops, which are likely used to fine-tune waves of gene expression within regulatory modules, show an intermediate level of conservation. These loops are less conserved than the sigma factors but significantly more than the structural sporulation genes, which form the lowest level in the functional and evolutionary hierarchy of the sporulation network. Interestingly, in spore-forming bacteria, gene regulation is more conserved than gene presence for sporulation genes, while the opposite is true for non-sporulation genes. The observed patterns suggest that by understanding the functional organization of a developmental network in a model organism, it is possible to understand the logic behind the evolution of this network in multiple related species.
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