Foliar Diseases and the Associated Fungi in Rice Cultivated in Kenya.
Foliar Diseases and the Associated Fungi in Rice Cultivated in Kenya.
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DOI：
10.3390/plants11091264
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发表时间：
2022-05-07
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影响因子：
--
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中科院分区：
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我们进行了一项调查，以评估2019年肯尼亚Busia，Kirinyaga和基苏穆县种植的流行品种的稻瘟病和褐斑病的发生和严重程度。与农业推广工作人员在水稻生产领域，我们采访了农民（n = 89），他们的首选品种和他们对稻瘟病的认识，因为这是我们的研究的主要重点。我们对稻瘟病和褐斑病的症状进行评分，并评估作物的倒伏、株高和成熟度（种植后天数）。此外，我们收集了叶和颈部组织的流行真菌种群的评估。我们使用特定的DNA引物筛选流行的致病病原体的稻瘟病菌，Magnaporthe的，和褐斑病，Cochliobolus miyabeanus，对无症状和有症状的叶片样品。我们还进行了真菌分离和PCR测序，以确定这些组织中的真菌种类。与Kirinyaga相比，Busia和基苏穆具有更高的品种多样性。芳香的Pishori（NIBAM 11）是首选，并广泛种植于Kirinyaga的商业目的，那里生产了86%的肯尼亚大米。NIBAM 108（IR 2793 -80-1）和BW 196（NIBAM 109）对稻瘟病中等抗性，NIBAM 110（ITA 310）和越南稻瘟病感病。除KEH 10005（Arize Tej Gold）为商品杂交种外，其余品种均感褐斑病。我们还确定了不同的致病性和非致病性真菌，黑孢霉的发病率很高，在Kirinyaga的稻田。疾病严重程度/发病率与致病病原体的发生率之间存在边际相关性。这项研究提供了证据，需要加强病原体监测，通过再培训农业推广人员和流行的水稻品种在肯尼亚的稻瘟病和褐斑病的抗性育种。
We conducted a survey to assess the occurrence and severity of rice blast and brown spot diseases on popular cultivars grown in the Busia, Kirinyaga, and Kisumu counties of Kenya in 2019. Working with agricultural extension workers within rice production areas, we interviewed farmers (n = 89) regarding their preferred cultivars and their awareness of blast disease, as this was the major focus of our research. We scored the symptoms of blast and brown spot and assessed the lodging, plant height, and maturity of the crops (days after planting). Furthermore, we collected leaf and neck tissues for the assessment of the prevailing fungal populations. We used specific DNA primers to screen for the prevalence of the causal pathogens of blast, Magnaporthe oryzae, and brown spot, Cochliobolus miyabeanus, on asymptomatic and symptomatic leaf samples. We also conducted fungal isolations and PCR-sequencing to identify the fungal species in these tissues. Busia and Kisumu had a higher diversity of cultivars compared to Kirinyaga. The aromatic Pishori (NIBAM 11) was preferred and widely grown for commercial purposes in Kirinyaga, where 86% of Kenyan rice is produced. NIBAM108 (IR2793-80-1) and BW196 (NIBAM 109) were moderately resistant to blast, while NIBAM110 (ITA310) and Vietnam were susceptible. All the cultivars were susceptible to brown spot except for KEH10005 (Arize Tej Gold), a commercial hybrid cultivar. We also identified diverse pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi, with a high incidence of Nigrospora oryzae, in the rice fields of Kirinyaga. There was a marginal correlation between disease severity/incidence and the occurrence of causal pathogens. This study provides evidence of the need to strengthen pathogen surveillance through retraining agricultural extension agents and to breed for blast and brown spot resistance in popular rice cultivars in Kenya.
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影响因子：
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作者：
Kihoro, Joseph;Bosco, Njoroge J.;Makihara, Daigo
通讯作者：
Makihara, Daigo
影响因子：
2
作者：
Egerci, Yesim;Kinay-Teksur, Pervin;Uysal-Morca, Ayse
通讯作者：
Uysal-Morca, Ayse
影响因子：
--
作者：
Khan MS;Gao J;Munir I;Zhang M;Liu Y;Moe TS;Xue J;Zhang X
通讯作者：
Zhang X
影响因子：
3
作者：
BOZDOGAN, H
通讯作者：
BOZDOGAN, H
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Ahn, P;Kim, S;Lee, YH
通讯作者：
Lee, YH