Developmental origins of astrocyte heterogeneity: the final frontier of CNS development.

Developmental origins of astrocyte heterogeneity: the final frontier of CNS development.
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DOI:
10.1159/000343723
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Deneen B
Deneen B
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chaboub LS;Deneen B

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星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中最丰富的细胞类型,在健康和疾病中具有多种生理作用,并表现出表型异质性。尽管有压倒性的证据表明星形胶质细胞是一个多样化的群体,但对其分子异质性的考虑相对较少。在这篇综述中,我们将总结关于星形胶质细胞异质性的已知信息,并概述限制研究其分子多样性的挑战。将讨论试图克服这些限制的方法,重点是发育胶质细胞生成领域的最新进展,该进展揭示了胚胎发生过程中的位置同一性是星形胶质细胞多样性的组织特征。这些最近的发现,加上允许直接分离星形胶质细胞群体的新兴技术,使我们提出,植根于星形胶质细胞发育的方法可能是解锁这种巨大的、未开发的多样性的关键。
Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the CNS, have diverse physiological roles in both health and disease, and exhibit phenotypic heterogeneity. In spite of the overwhelming evidence that astrocytes are a diverse population, there has been relatively little consideration of their molecular heterogeneity. In this review we will summarize what is known about the heterogeneity of astrocytes and outline challenges that have limited studies understanding their molecular diversity. Approaches that have sought to overcome these limitations will be discussed, with an emphasis on recent progress in the field of developmental gliogenesis, which has revealed that positional identity during embryogenesis is an organizing feature of astrocyte diversity. These recent findings, coupled with emerging technologies that allow for direct isolation of astrocyte populations, have led us to propose that approaches rooted in astrocyte development may be the key to unlocking this immense, untapped diversity.
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