Pedestrian collective motion in competitive room evacuation.
Pedestrian collective motion in competitive room evacuation.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-11197-x
复制
发表时间：
2017-09-07
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Zuriguel I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garcimartín A;Pastor JM;Martín-Gómez C;Parisi D;Zuriguel I
当有相当数量的人疏散一个房间时，如果门不够大，可能会出现行人聚集在出口前的情况。这就是新出现的集体现象的原因，其中密度被认为是决定行人动力学的关键变量。在这里，我们证明了当个体之间存在持续接触时，密度不足以描述疏散，并提出至少需要另一个变量--例如动应力--。我们记录了不同程度竞争的疏散演习，允许每个人在离开时适度地相互推搡。我们得到了随时间变化的密度、速度和动应力场，表明竞争对它们有很大的影响，并证明了以前的(低压)疏散实验中从未观察到的模式。对于最高竞争力的场景，我们检测到突然的集体运动的发展。这些运动与动应力的显著增加和朝向门的速度的降低有关，但与密度无关。
When a sizable number of people evacuate a room, if the door is not large enough, an accumulation of pedestrians in front of the exit may take place. This is the cause of emerging collective phenomena where the density is believed to be the key variable determining the pedestrian dynamics. Here, we show that when sustained contact among the individuals exists, density is not enough to describe the evacuation, and propose that at least another variable –such as the kinetic stress– is required. We recorded evacuation drills with different degrees of competitiveness where the individuals are allowed to moderately push each other in their way out. We obtain the density, velocity and kinetic stress fields over time, showing that competitiveness strongly affects them and evidencing patterns which have been never observed in previous (low pressure) evacuation experiments. For the highest competitiveness scenario, we detect the development of sudden collective motions. These movements are related to a notable increase of the kinetic stress and a reduction of the velocity towards the door, but do not depend on the density.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1098/rsif.2016.0414
发表时间：
2016-09
期刊：
Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
影响因子：
--
作者：
Moussaïd M;Kapadia M;Thrash T;Sumner RW;Gross M;Helbing D;Hölscher C
通讯作者：
Hölscher C
DOI：
10.1088/1742-5468/2015/10/p10019
发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Arita, Chikashi;Cividini, Julien;Appert-Rolland, Cecile
通讯作者：
Appert-Rolland, Cecile
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Hoogendoorn, SP;Daamen, W
通讯作者：
Daamen, W
DOI：
10.1088/1742-5468/2006/10/p10001
发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Kretz, Tobias;Gruenebohm, Anna;Schreckenberg, Michael
通讯作者：
Schreckenberg, Michael
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Henkes, Silke;Chakraborty, Bulbul
通讯作者：
Chakraborty, Bulbul