The impact of drugs of abuse on executive function: characterizing long-term changes in neural correlates following chronic drug exposure and withdrawal in rats.
The impact of drugs of abuse on executive function: characterizing long-term changes in neural correlates following chronic drug exposure and withdrawal in rats.
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DOI：
10.1101/lm.047001.117
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发表时间：
2018-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Roesch MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brockett AT;Pribut HJ;Vázquez D;Roesch MR
长期以来，成瘾的特征是执行功能、控制力和冲动管理能力下降。特别是，这些缺陷往往表现为逆转学习，延迟折扣和反应抑制的障碍。了解这些行为缺陷的神经生物学基础对我们理解成瘾至关重要。在成瘾循环中，戒断期间和戒断后的时期是特别困难的干预点，因为与戒毒和毒瘾有关的负面身体症状增加了患者为减轻这些症状而复吸和重新吸毒的可能性。此外，通常在这段时间内，药物诱导的执行功能缺陷阻碍了患者避免使用药物的能力。因此，有必要了解与戒断和药物渴求相关的生理和行为变化，主要表现为执行控制的缺陷，以制定更有效的治疗策略。在这篇综述中，我们解决了长期的影响，药物滥用的行为和神经相关，引起执行控制测量的逆转学习，延迟折扣，停止信号的任务，特别是专注于我们的工作，使用大鼠作为模型系统。
Addiction has long been characterized by diminished executive function, control, and impulsivity management. In particular, these deficits often manifest themselves as impairments in reversal learning, delay discounting, and response inhibition. Understanding the neurobiological substrates of these behavioral deficits is of paramount importance to our understanding of addiction. Within the cycle of addiction, periods during and after withdrawal represent a particularly difficult point of intervention in that the negative physical symptoms associated with drug removal and drug craving increase the likelihood that the patient will relapse and return to drug use in order to abate these symptoms. Moreover, it is often during this time that drug induced deficits in executive function hinder the ability of the patient to refrain from drug use. Thus, it is necessary to understand the physiological and behavioral changes associated with withdrawal and drug craving—largely manifesting as deficits in executive control—to develop more effective treatment strategies. In this review, we address the long-term impact that drugs of abuse have on the behavioral and neural correlates that give rise to executive control as measured by reversal learning, delay discounting, and stop-signal tasks, focusing particularly on our work using rats as a model system.
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