Speech deficits in serious mental illness: a cognitive resource issue?
Speech deficits in serious mental illness: a cognitive resource issue?
复制标题
严重精神疾病中的语音缺陷：认知资源问题？
DOI：
10.1016/j.schres.2014.10.032
复制
发表时间：
2014-12
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Covington, Michael A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, Alex S.;McGovern, Jessica E.;Dinzeo, Thomas J.;Covington, Michael A.
言语障碍，尤其是涉及精神运动迟缓、情感迟钝、冷漠和言语内容贫乏的那些，在各种严重的精神疾病(如精神分裂症、单相抑郁、双相情感障碍)中都有明显的表现。本项目评估了这些缺陷作为认知资源限制的功能表现出来的程度。我们检查了52名符合严重精神疾病(即严重功能缺陷伴随着精神分裂症、单相和/或双相情感障碍)诊断标准的患者和30名非精神对照患者的自然语言，使用了一系列客观的、基于计算机的测量方法，包括语音产生(“冷漠”)、可变性(“声音影响迟钝”)和内容(“言语内容贫乏”)。受试者在基线条件下和在进行实验操作的认知努力任务时产生自然的语音。对于相关性分析，认知能力是使用标准化电池测量的。一般说来，言语障碍作为SMI诊断的一个功能没有什么不同。然而，与对照组相比，SMI组的每一项语音产生和内容测量都显著异常。语音变异性测量通常在不同的组之间没有差异。对于患者和对照组作为一个整体，在认知-努力任务中的言语更稀疏，内容也不那么丰富。与对照组相比，患者在认知负荷下的异常程度仅与平均停顿时间有关。语音变量和认知能力之间的相关性只对同一个变量显著：平均停顿时间。结果表明，某些言语缺陷，特别是涉及停顿长度，可能表现为认知资源限制的功能。对治疗、研究和评估的意义进行了讨论。
Speech deficits, notably those involved in psychomotor retardation, blunted affect, alogia and poverty of content of speech, are pronounced in a wide range of serious mental illnesses (e.g., schizophrenia, unipolar depression, bipolar disorders). The present project evaluated the degree to which these deficits manifest as a function of cognitive resource limitations. We examined natural speech from 52 patients meeting criteria for serious mental illnesses (i.e., severe functional deficits with a concomitant diagnosis of schizophrenia, unipolar and/or bipolar affective disorders) and 30 non-psychiatric controls using a range of objective, computer-based measures tapping speech production (“alogia”), variability (“blunted vocal affect”) and content (“poverty of content of speech”). Subjects produced natural speech during a baseline condition and while engaging in an experimentally-manipulated cognitively-effortful task. For correlational analysis, cognitive ability was measured using a standardized battery. Generally speaking, speech deficits did not differ as a function of SMI diagnosis. However, every speech production and content measure was significantly abnormal in SMI versus control groups. Speech variability measures generally did not differ between groups. For both patients and controls as a group, speech during the cognitively-effortful task was sparser and less rich in content. Relative to controls, patients were abnormal under cognitive load with respect only to average pause length. Correlations between the speech variables and cognitive ability were only significant for this same variable: average pause length. Results suggest that certain speech deficits, notably involving pause length, may manifest as a function of cognitive resource limitations. Implications for treatment, research and assessment are discussed.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
BARCH, D;BERENBAUM, H
通讯作者：
BERENBAUM, H
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Cohen, Alex S.;Alpert, Murray;Docherty, Nancy M.
通讯作者：
Docherty, Nancy M.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Barch, DM;Berenbaum, H
通讯作者：
Berenbaum, H
DOI：
10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.11.008
发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Cohen, Alex S.;Hong, S. Lee;Guevara, Alvaro
通讯作者：
Guevara, Alvaro
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kirkpatrick, B;Buchanan, RW;Carpenter, WT
通讯作者：
Carpenter, WT