Maternal Dietary Factors and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review of Existing Evidence.
Maternal Dietary Factors and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review of Existing Evidence.
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DOI：
10.1002/aur.2402
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发表时间：
2020-10
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Lyall, Kristen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhong, Caichen;Tessing, Jillian;Lee, Brian K.;Lyall, Kristen
关键词：
产前母亲的饮食是后代神经发育的一个关键因素。新出现的证据表明，产前饮食也可能在自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的病因中发挥作用。这篇综述总结了截至2020年7月以英语发表的研究，这些研究检查了产前营养素或母体饮食与PubMed的ASD相关。来自9个国家的36项研究被纳入本系统综述;这些研究集中于多种维生素（n=5）、产前维生素（n=3）、叶酸（n=14）、维生素D（n=11）、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）或鱼/补充剂摄入（n=7）、铁（n=3）、维生素B12（n=1）、钙（n=1）、镁（n=1），广泛的母亲饮食习惯（n=3）。总体而言，产前/多种维生素，叶酸和维生素D的较高或中等摄入量与ASD的几率降低相关，尽管结果并不一致，并且需要澄清基于生物标志物与报告摄入量的结果差异。其他营养素的证据不确定或不充分。这些饮食因素的时间和测量的差异，以及潜在的残余混杂，可能有助于现有的差异。未来研究的关键领域，以更好地了解母体饮食在ASD中的作用，包括需要解决潜在的关键窗口，检查多种营养素的综合作用，并考虑与遗传或环境因素的相互作用。母亲在怀孕期间的饮食对孩子的神经发育很重要。我们回顾了36项研究，研究了母亲的饮食和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD），发现产前使用维生素/多种维生素以及摄入足够的叶酸和维生素D均与患有ASD的孩子的可能性较低相关。未来需要对这些和其他饮食因素进行研究，以更好地了解母体饮食在ASD发展中的作用。
Prenatal maternal diet is a critical factor in offspring neurodevelopment. Emerging evidence suggests that prenatal diet may also play a role in the etiology autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This review summarizes studies published in English that examined prenatal nutrients or maternal diet in association with ASD from PubMed as of July 2020. 36 studies from nine countries were included in this systematic review; these focused on multivitamin (n=5), prenatal vitamin (n=3), folic acid (n=14), vitamin D (n=11), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) or fish/supplement intake (n=7), iron (n=3), vitamin B12 (n=1), calcium (n=1), magnesium (n=1), and broad maternal dietary habits (n=3). Overall, higher or moderate intake of prenatal/multivitamin, folic acid, and vitamin D was associated with reductions in odds of ASD, though results have not been uniform and there is a need to clarify differences in findings based on biomarkers versus reported intake. Evidence was inconclusive or insufficient for other nutrients. Differences in the timing and measurement of these dietary factors, as well as potential residual confounding, may contribute to existing discrepancies. Key areas for future research to better understand the role of maternal diet in ASD include the need to address potential critical windows, examine the combined effect of multiple nutrients, and consider interactions with genetic or environmental factors. Maternal diet during pregnancy is important for child neurodevelopment. We reviewed 36 studies examining maternal diet and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and found that prenatal vitamin/multivitamin use and adequate intake of folic acid and vitamin D were each associated with lower likelihood of having a child with ASD. Future studies on these and other dietary factors are needed to better understand the role of maternal diet in the development of ASD.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.j4273
发表时间：
2017-10-04
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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