Insect tissue-specific vitellogenin facilitates transmission of plant virus.
Insect tissue-specific vitellogenin facilitates transmission of plant virus.
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昆虫组织特异性卵黄蛋白原促进植物病毒的传播
DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1006909
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发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Zhang L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huo Y;Yu Y;Chen L;Li Q;Zhang M;Song Z;Chen X;Fang R;Zhang L
昆虫卵黄蛋白原(VG)被认为是在脂肪体中合成的。在这里，我们发现灰飞虱的血细胞中也合成了丰富的VG蛋白。我们还确定在体内只有血细胞产生的VG与水稻条纹病毒(RSV)结合。对纹枯病菌Vg(LsVg)亚基组成的检测表明，LsVg在不同组织中表达后有不同的处理方式。能够与RSV结合的LsVg亚基只稳定存在于血细胞中，而脂肪体产生的LsVg缺乏与RSV相互作用的亚基。若虫和雄性纹纹夜蛾个体也合成VG，但仅在血细胞中合成，并且这些蛋白质与RSV共定位。我们观察到，通过RNA干扰敲除LsVg转录本降低了血淋巴中RSV的滴度，从而干扰了全身病毒的感染。我们的结果揭示了LsVg的性别无关表达和组织特异性处理，并史无前例地将该蛋白在介导病毒传播方面的功能与其存在于以前被称为非VG产生的组织中的特定分子形式联系起来。水稻条纹病毒完全依赖于灰飞虱在寄主植物之间传播，也可由母虫垂直传播给后代。通过昆虫血淋巴是这两种病毒传播的关键步骤。在本研究中，我们发现RSV与血细胞中的纹状体卵黄蛋白原(LsVg)结合。这种组织特异性的LsVg-RSV相互作用保护病毒在血淋巴中存活，并增强随后两种类型的病毒传输。更令人兴奋的是，我们描述了VG昆虫形式的新的和重要的特性，VG是几乎所有卵生动物中不可或缺的蛋白质。在我们的研究中，我们首次揭示了昆虫VG运输到卵巢也是由脂肪体以外的组织产生的。此外，我们还鉴定了VG在病毒垂直传播中发挥生物学功能的组织特异性分子形式，发现了VG的非女性表达，并确定了其在病毒水平传播中的功能。这些发现为植物病毒在媒介体内的传播提供了新的见解，媒介是病毒生命周期中一个重要但较少被探索的部分。
Insect vitellogenin (Vg) has been considered to be synthesized in the fat body. Here, we found that abundant Vg protein is synthesized in Laodelphax striatellus hemocytes as well. We also determined that only the hemocyte-produced Vg binds to Rice stripe virus (RSV) in vivo. Examination of the subunit composition of L. striatellus Vg (LsVg) revealed that LsVg was processed differently after its expression in different tissues. The LsVg subunit able to bind to RSV exist stably only in hemocytes, while fat body-produced LsVg lacks the RSV-interacting subunit. Nymph and male L. striatellus individuals also synthesize Vg but only in hemocytes, and the proteins co-localize with RSV. We observed that knockdown of LsVg transcripts by RNA interference decreased the RSV titer in the hemolymph, and thus interfered with systemic virus infection. Our results reveal the sex-independent expression and tissue-specific processing of LsVg and also unprecedentedly connect the function of this protein in mediating virus transmission to its particular molecular forms existing in tissues previously known as non-Vg producing. Rice stripe virus (RSV), which is completely dependent on Laodelphax striatellus for transmission between host plants, can also be vertically transmitted from the mother insect to its offsprings. Passing through the insect hemolymph is an essential step for both kinds of viral transmission. In this study, we found that RSV binds to L. striatellus vitellogenin (LsVg) in hemocytes. This tissue-specific LsVg-RSV interaction protects the virus for survival in the hemolymph and enhances both subsequent types of viral transport. More excitingly, we characterized novel and important properties of the insect form of Vg, an indispensable protein in almost all oviparous animals. In our study, we revealed for the first time that insect Vg transported into the ovary is also produced by tissues other than the fat body. Furthermore, we identified the tissue-specific molecular form of Vg responsible for its biological function in virus vertical transmission, uncovered non-female expression of Vg, and determined its function in virus horizontal transmission. These findings provide novel insights into plant-virus transmission within the vector, an important yet less explored part of the virus life cycle.
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