White matter integrity deficits in prefrontal-amygdala pathways in Williams syndrome.
White matter integrity deficits in prefrontal-amygdala pathways in Williams syndrome.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.09.065
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发表时间：
2012-01-16
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Blackford, Jennifer Urbano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Avery, Suzanne N.;Thornton-Wells, Tricia A.;Anderson, Adam W.;Blackford, Jennifer Urbano
威廉姆斯综合征是一种神经发育障碍，与重大的非社交恐惧有关。与这种升高的非社交恐惧相一致的是，威廉姆斯综合征患者在看到威胁的非社交刺激时，杏仁核反应异常升高。在典型发育的个体中，杏仁核的活动通过致密的、与前额叶皮质相互连接的白质而受到抑制。神经成像研究表明，威廉姆斯综合征患者存在正常的前额叶-杏仁核抑制的功能解偶联，这可能是杏仁核极端活动和非社交恐惧的基础。这种功能脱钩可能是由潜在白质通路的结构性缺陷引起的；然而，威廉姆斯综合征的前额叶-杏仁核白质缺陷尚未被探索。我们使用扩散张量成像来研究威廉姆斯综合征患者和具有高水平非社交恐惧的典型对照组的前额叶-杏仁核白质完整性差异。使用概率纤维束造影术分离杏仁核和几个前额叶区域之间的白质通路。在每条通路中，我们测试了白质完整性的三个测量指标的组间差异：分数各向异性(FA)、径向弥散系数(RD)和平行弥散系数(λ1)。与对照组相比，威廉姆斯综合征患者在研究的几条前额-杏仁核通路中FA较低，这表明白质完整性降低。威廉姆斯综合征患者FA降低的原因是RD显著增加，而λ-1无明显差异，提示额叶-杏仁核前部通路纤维密度降低或轴突髓鞘形成。这些结果表明，前额叶-杏仁核白质通路结构完整性的缺陷可能是威廉姆斯综合征患者杏仁核活动增加和极端的非社会性恐惧的基础。
Williams syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with significant non-social fears. Consistent with this elevated non-social fear, individuals with Williams syndrome have an abnormally elevated amygdala response when viewing threatening non-social stimuli. In typically-developing individuals, amygdala activity is inhibited through dense, reciprocal white matter connections with the prefrontal cortex. Neuroimaging studies suggest a functional uncoupling of normal prefrontal-amygdala inhibition in individuals with Williams syndrome, which might underlie both the extreme amygdala activity and non-social fears. This functional uncoupling might be caused by structural deficits in underlying white matter pathways; however, prefrontal-amygdala white matter deficits have yet to be explored in Williams syndrome. We used diffusion tensor imaging to investigate prefrontal-amygdala white matter integrity differences in individuals with Williams syndrome and typically-developing controls with high levels of non-social fear. White matter pathways between the amygdala and several prefrontal regions were isolated using probabilistic tractography. Within each pathway, we tested for between-group differences in three measures of white matter integrity: fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), and parallel diffusivity (λ1). Individuals with Williams syndrome had lower FA, compared to controls, in several of the prefrontal-amygdala pathways investigated, indicating a reduction in white matter integrity. Lower FA in Williams syndrome was explained by significantly higher RD, with no differences in λ1, suggestive of lower fiber density or axon myelination in prefrontal-amygdala pathways. These results suggest that deficits in the structural integrity of prefrontal-amygdala white matter pathways might underlie the increased amygdala activity and extreme non-social fears observed in Williams syndrome.
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DOI：
10.1097/chi.0b013e3181ae09df
发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Chronis-Tuscano A;Degnan KA;Pine DS;Perez-Edgar K;Henderson HA;Diaz Y;Raggi VL;Fox NA
通讯作者：
Fox NA
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Eickhoff, Simon B.;Heim, Stefan;Amunts, Katrin
通讯作者：
Amunts, Katrin
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Campbell, Linda E.;Daly, Eileen;Murphy, Kieran C.
通讯作者：
Murphy, Kieran C.
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Indovina I;Robbins TW;Núñez-Elizalde AO;Dunn BD;Bishop SJ
通讯作者：
Bishop SJ
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Dykens, EM
通讯作者：
Dykens, EM