State-dependent judgement bias in Drosophila: evidence for evolutionarily primitive affective processes.

State-dependent judgement bias in Drosophila: evidence for evolutionarily primitive affective processes.
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DOI:
10.1098/rsbl.2017.0779
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发表时间:
2018-03
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Hodge JJL
Hodge JJL
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Deakin A;Mendl M;Browne WJ;Paul ES;Hodge JJL

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情感状态会影响人类和其他动物在模糊情况下的决策。处于消极状态的个体往往比处于积极状态的个体更消极地解释模糊的线索。我们证明,果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)在提示解释方面也表现出状态依赖性变化。果蝇接受 Go/Go 任务训练,以接近与糖奖励相关的正向 (P) 气味,并积极避免与休克相关的负向 (N) 气味。然后,经过训练的果蝇要么被摇动以诱导所谓的阴性状态,要么不受干扰(对照),并在以下选项中进行选择:空气或 P;空气或氮气;空气或模糊气味(P:N 1:1 混合物)。与对照果蝇相比,摇晃过的果蝇接近模糊气味的可能性明显较小。这种“判断偏差”可能是通过反映进化上原始情感状态的神经活动变化来调节的。我们不能说这种状态是否是有意识地经历的,但使用这种模型生物的多功能实验工具包可能有助于阐明其神经和遗传基础。
Affective states influence decision-making under ambiguity in humans and other animals. Individuals in a negative state tend to interpret ambiguous cues more negatively than individuals in a positive state. We demonstrate that the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, also exhibits state-dependent changes in cue interpretation. Drosophila were trained on a Go/Go task to approach a positive (P) odour associated with a sugar reward and actively avoid a negative (N) odour associated with shock. Trained flies were then either shaken to induce a purported negative state or left undisturbed (control), and given a choice between: air or P; air or N; air or ambiguous odour (1 : 1 blend of P : N). Shaken flies were significantly less likely to approach the ambiguous odour than control flies. This ‘judgement bias’ may be mediated by changes in neural activity that reflect evolutionarily primitive affective states. We cannot say whether such states are consciously experienced, but use of this model organism's versatile experimental tool kit may facilitate elucidation of their neural and genetic basis.
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