Simple mathematical law benchmarks human confrontations.

Simple mathematical law benchmarks human confrontations.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep03463
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发表时间:
2013-12-10
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Zarama, Roberto
Zarama, Roberto
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Johnson, Neil F.;Medina, Pablo;Zhao, Guannan;Messinger, Daniel S.;Horgan, John;Gill, Paul;Bohorquez, Juan Camilo;Mattson, Whitney;Gangi, Devon;Qi, Hong;Manrique, Pedro;Velasquez, Nicolas;Morgenstern, Ana;Restrepo, Elvira;Johnson, Nicholas;Spagat, Michael;Zarama, Roberto

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许多引人注目的社会问题都涉及个人或团体反复攻击另一个人——从儿童与父母纠纷、针对妇女的性暴力、内乱、暴力冲突和恐怖行为,到当前对国家基础设施的网络攻击和攻击股东的超高速网络交易。迫切需要量化未来此类行为可能的严重性和发生时间,找出可能的肇事者,并确定干预策略。在这里,我们对所有这些领域的多个数据集进行了综合分析,这些数据集涵盖了超过 100,000 个事件,并表明一个简单的数学定律可以对所有这些数据集进行基准测试。我们使用基于最先进的现场工作的最小机械模型推导并解释了这个基准。我们的研究结果提供了有关未来攻击的定量预测;帮助检测常见犯罪者和异常行为的工具;洞察“独狼”的轨迹;确定在犯罪者中传播信息或想法的关键阈值;消除最致命集群的干预策略;更广泛地说,这是关于现实世界和网络世界中个人和群体层面的人类攻击行为的跨学科理论的定量起点。
Many high-profile societal problems involve an individual or group repeatedly attacking another – from child-parent disputes, sexual violence against women, civil unrest, violent conflicts and acts of terror, to current cyber-attacks on national infrastructure and ultrafast cyber-trades attacking stockholders. There is an urgent need to quantify the likely severity and timing of such future acts, shed light on likely perpetrators, and identify intervention strategies. Here we present a combined analysis of multiple datasets across all these domains which account for >100,000 events, and show that a simple mathematical law can benchmark them all. We derive this benchmark and interpret it, using a minimal mechanistic model grounded by state-of-the-art fieldwork. Our findings provide quantitative predictions concerning future attacks; a tool to help detect common perpetrators and abnormal behaviors; insight into the trajectory of a ‘lone wolf'; identification of a critical threshold for spreading a message or idea among perpetrators; an intervention strategy to erode the most lethal clusters; and more broadly, a quantitative starting point for cross-disciplinary theorizing about human aggression at the individual and group level, in both real and online worlds.
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