Susceptibility of Xenopus laevis tadpoles to infection by the ranavirus Frog-Virus 3 correlates with a reduced and delayed innate immune response in comparison with adult frogs.
Susceptibility of Xenopus laevis tadpoles to infection by the ranavirus Frog-Virus 3 correlates with a reduced and delayed innate immune response in comparison with adult frogs.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.virol.2012.07.001
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发表时间：
2012-10-25
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Robert J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Jesús Andino F;Chen G;Li Z;Grayfer L;Robert J
非洲爪蟾成虫对蛙病毒蛙病毒 3 (FV3) 感染产生有效的免疫反应，并在 2-3 周内清除病原体。相比之下，大多数蝌蚪无法清除 FV3，并在一个月内死于感染。虽然幼虫易感性归因于无效的适应性免疫，但先天免疫成分的贡献尚未得到解决。因此，我们对感染 FV3 的蝌蚪和成虫进行了全面的基因表达分析。与成虫相比，受感染蝌蚪的白细胞和组织表现出炎症相关（TNF-α、IL-1β和IFN-γ）和抗病毒（Mx1）基因表达的适度（比成虫低10-100倍）和延迟（比成虫晚3天）表达。相比之下，在细菌刺激下，这些基因在蝌蚪中很容易且强烈地上调。此外，与成体 PL 相比，幼虫感染 FV3 的比例更高。我们的研究表明，蝌蚪对 FV3 感染的易感性部分是由于病毒引起的先天免疫反应较差。
Xenopus laevis adults mount effective immune responses to ranavirus Frog Virus 3 (FV3) infections and clear the pathogen within 2–3 weeks. In contrast, most tadpoles cannot clear FV3 and succumb to infections within a month. While larval susceptibility has been attributed to ineffective adaptive immunity, the contribution of innate immune components has not been addressed. Accordingly, we performed a comprehensive gene expression analysis on FV3-infected tadpoles and adults. In comparison to adults, leukocytes and tissues of infected tadpoles exhibited modest (10–100 time lower than adult) and delayed (3 day later than adult) increase in expression of inflammation-associated (TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ) and antiviral (Mx1) genes. In contrast, these genes were readily and robustly upregulated in tadpoles upon bacterial stimulation. Furthermore, greater proportions of larval than adult PLs were infected by FV3. Our study suggests that tadpole susceptibility to FV3 infection is partially due to poor virus-elicited innate immune responses.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04400.x
发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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