Mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors and their differential effects on memory performance in people with Addison’s disease
Mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors and their differential effects on memory performance in people with Addison’s disease
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盐皮质激素和糖皮质激素受体及其对艾迪生氏病患者记忆表现的不同影响
DOI：
10.1016/s0306-4530(03)00103-3
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
S. Lightman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Tytherleigh;K. Vedhara;S. Lightman
皮质类固醇对记忆表现的影响一直是一些争议的主题。虽然许多研究表明，高水平的皮质类固醇激素会损害记忆表现，但其他研究表明，它们可以促进记忆表现。对这些差异效应的一种解释来自两种类型的皮质类固醇受体-盐皮质激素受体（MR）和糖皮质激素受体（GR）的差异激活，以及在记忆形成过程中各自的功能。在大鼠和鸡中的研究表明，MR的激活在感觉储存（即编码）期间是必不可少的，而GR的正常水平的激活（除了已经激活的MR之外）在记忆巩固和提取期间是必不可少的。通过使用重复测量的设计与9人阿狄森氏病（平均年龄，37.9岁），激活后的MR，GR，只有MR/GR的组合，对工作记忆和陈述性记忆的情节和语义成分的影响进行了研究。分别使用MR特异性（9α氟氢化可的松）或GR特异性（地塞米松）外源性类固醇激活MR和GR。结果表明，当两种受体都被激活时，被试在数字倒背任务中的表现比仅激活GR时更好（P<0.01）。在霍普金斯言语学习测试中，当两种受体都被激活时，与仅激活MR（P<0.05）和仅激活GR（P<0.01）时相比，他们在回忆方面的表现也更好。虽然在记忆任务中显着的效果并不一致，但这些结果进一步支持了这样的观点，即MR和GR的平衡激活对于人类的最佳记忆功能是必要的。
The effects of corticosteroids on memory performance have been the subject of some controversy. Whilst many studies have shown that high levels of corticosteroids can impair memory performance, others have shown they can facilitate it. One explanation for these discrepant effects arises from the differential activation of the two types of corticosteroid receptor—the mineralocorticoid receptor (MRs) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GRs), and the function each subserves during memory formation. Studies in rats and chickens suggest that activation of the MRs is essential during sensory storage (i.e. encoding), whereas normal levels of activation of the GRs (in addition to the already activated MRs) is essential during memory consolidation and retrieval. By using a repeated measures design with nine people with Addison’s disease (mean age, 37.9 years), the effects following activation of the MRs only, GRs only, and a combination of MRs/GRs, on working memory and the episodic and semantic components of declarative memory were investigated. MRs and GRs were activated using either MR specific (9α fluorohydrocortisone) or GR specific (dexamethasone) exogenous steroids, respectively. The results showed that participants performed better in the Digits Backward task when both receptors were activated compared to when GRs only were activated (P<0.01). They also performed better in recall in the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test when both receptors were activated compared to when MRs only were activated (P<0.05) and GRs only were activated (P<0.01). Whilst significant effects were not consistent across memory tasks, these results lend further support to the view that balanced activation of MRs and GRs is necessary for optimal memory function in humans.
内隐记忆和外显记忆的成人年龄差异：时间进程和编码效应。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Chiarello,C;Hoyer,WJ
通讯作者：
Hoyer,WJ
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Lupien, SJ;Gillin, CJ;Hauger, RL
通讯作者：
Hauger, RL
年轻人和老年人的内隐和外显记忆。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.13.4.531
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子：
--
作者：
Light,LL;Singh,A
通讯作者：
Singh,A