FLIP(L): the pseudo-caspase.

FLIP(L): the pseudo-caspase.
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DOI:
10.1111/febs.15260
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发表时间:
2020-10
期刊:
The FEBS journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Longley DB
Longley DB
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Smyth P;Sessler T;Scott CJ;Longley DB

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假酶与它们的活性酶对应物具有结构同源性,但缺乏催化活性,已被鉴定为所有主要的酶组。半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶是一个半胱氨酸依赖性天冬氨酸蛋白酶家族,在调节细胞死亡和炎症中发挥重要作用。在这里,我们讨论了唯一的人类假caspase,FLIP(L),一个凋亡启动caspase,caspase-8和caspase-10的paranimals。FLIP(L)已被证明在调节caspase-8的加工和活性方面发挥关键作用,从而调节由死亡受体(如TRAIL-R1/R2),TNF受体-1(TNFR 1)和Toll样受体介导的凋亡信号传导。在这篇评论中,讨论了FLIP(L)的这些典型角色。此外,还描述了一系列非经典的假酶作用,其中FLIP(L)的功能独立于caspase-8。这些非经典的假酶功能使FLIP(L)在调节广泛的生物过程中发挥关键作用,而不仅仅是作为细胞死亡的调节剂。FLIP(L)是迄今为止在人类蛋白质组中发现的唯一真正的pseudo-caspase。作为一种经典的假酶,它作为其活性同系物的调节剂,即凋亡启动半胱天冬酶,半胱天冬酶8和半胱天冬酶10。此外,FLIP(L)的功能独立于这些半胱天冬酶。这些非经典的假酶功能使FLIP(L)在调节广泛的生物过程中发挥关键作用,而不仅仅是作为细胞死亡的调节剂。
Possessing structural homology with their active enzyme counterparts but lacking catalytic activity, pseudoenzymes have been identified for all major enzyme groups. Caspases are a family of cysteine‐dependent aspartate‐directed proteases that play essential roles in regulating cell death and inflammation. Here, we discuss the only human pseudo‐caspase, FLIP(L), a paralog of the apoptosis‐initiating caspases, caspase‐8 and caspase‐10. FLIP(L) has been shown to play a key role in regulating the processing and activity of caspase‐8, thereby modulating apoptotic signaling mediated by death receptors (such as TRAIL‐R1/R2), TNF receptor‐1 (TNFR1), and Toll‐like receptors. In this review, these canonical roles of FLIP(L) are discussed. Additionally, a range of nonclassical pseudoenzyme roles are described, in which FLIP(L) functions independently of caspase‐8. These nonclassical pseudoenzyme functions enable FLIP(L) to play key roles in the regulation of a wide range of biological processes beyond its canonical roles as a modulator of cell death. FLIP(L) is to date the only true pseudo‐caspase identified in the human proteome. As a classical pseudoenzyme, it functions as a regulator of its active homologs, the apoptosis‐initiating caspases, caspase‐8 and caspase‐10. Additionally, FLIP(L) functions independently of these caspases. These nonclassical pseudoenzyme functions enable FLIP(L) to play key roles in the regulation of a wide range of biological processes beyond its canonical roles as a modulator of cell death.
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