Mission Unaccounted: Japan’s Shift of Role in US Extended Nuclear Deterrence

Mission Unaccounted: Japan’s Shift of Role in US Extended Nuclear Deterrence
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未解释的任务:日本在美国延伸核威慑中的角色转变

DOI:
10.1080/25751654.2022.2110636
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
0.7
通讯作者:
Kimiaki Kawai
Kimiaki Kawai
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Herings P. Jean-Jacques;Zhou Yu;Kimiaki Kawai

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日本的安全政策似乎正在发生质的变化。然而,政策制定者没有就这种转变向国家提供足够的解释。日本的安全政策在美国延伸核威慑的影响下发生了什么质的变化?为了回答这个问题,本文首先分析了日本决策者对美国延伸核威慑的认识和核威慑概念的变化,以及日本防卫政策的转变。其次,通过比较冷战期间和冷战后日本国会的审议情况,以及冷战期间和冷战后日本的防卫政策,可以发现,虽然政策制定者对美国延伸核威慑的认识和核威慑的概念并没有真正改变,围绕日本的安全挑战的焦点已经从威慑转移到政策制定者所认识到的反应。由此,日本对美国延伸核威慑的政策从单纯依赖阶段转向与美国接触阶段。这是日本安全政策在美国延伸核威慑下的质的变化。这一转变的含义是,使用核武器本身就是一个潜在的政策问题,但它仍然没有得到审查。最后一节指出,日本与美国在延伸核威慑方面的接触推进了美国对日本延伸核威慑的固化。它还讨论了日本的安全挑战与正在进行的固化。
Japan’s security policy appears to be undergoing a qualitative change. Policymakers, however, have not provided sufficient explanation to the nation regarding such a shift. What is the qualitative change in Japan’s security policy premised on US extended nuclear deterrence? To answer this question, this article first analyzes changes both in Japanese policymakers’ understanding of US extended nuclear deterrence and the concept of nuclear deterrence, and the shift of Japan’s defense policies. Next, a comparison of deliberations in the National Diet of Japan during the Cold War and after the Cold War, and Japan’s defense policies during the Cold War and after the Cold War, respectively, reveals that while policymakers’ understanding of US extended nuclear deterrence and the concept of nuclear deterrence have not really changed, the security challenges surrounding Japan have shifted in focus from deterrence to response in the recognition of policymakers. With that, Japan’s policy premised on US extended nuclear deterrence has shifted from the stage of mere reliance to the stage of engagement with the United States. This is the qualitative change in Japan’s security policy premised on US extended nuclear deterrence. The implication of the shift is that the use of nuclear weapons itself is a potential policy issue, yet it remains unexamined. The final section points out that Japan’s engagement with the United States in extended nuclear deterrence advances the move toward solidification of US extended nuclear deterrence for Japan. It also discusses Japan’s security challenges associated with the ongoing solidification.
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