Testing evolutionary explanations for the lifespan benefit of dietary restriction in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster).
Testing evolutionary explanations for the lifespan benefit of dietary restriction in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster).
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.14146
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Walling C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Savola E;Montgomery C;Waldron FM;Monteith KM;Vale P;Walling C
饮食限制（DR），限制热量或特定营养素而不造成营养不良，可以延长不同类群的寿命。传统上，这种寿命的延长被解释为饮食介导的寿命和繁殖之间权衡变化的结果，当资源稀缺时，生存受到青睐。然而，最近提出的替代方案表明，对 DR 反应的选择性益处是维持繁殖。这一假设预测，寿命延长是良性实验室条件的副作用，DR 个体会更加虚弱，无法应对额外的压力源，因此在压力更大的条件下，寿命延长应该消失。我们通过用 10 种不同的蛋白质：碳水化合物饮食饲养近交雌性果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）来对此进行测试。果蝇要么感染了细菌病原体（嗜虫假单胞菌），要么被无菌针刺损伤，要么没有受到压力。我们监测了寿命、生育力和衰老指标。无论是否有损伤和感染，DR 都可以延长寿命并减少繁殖。食用低蛋白饮食的受感染果蝇的存活率特别差。接触感染和受伤并没有显着改变饮食和衰老模式之间的关系。这些结果并不能支持 DR 下的寿命延长是良性实验室条件的副作用。
Dietary restriction (DR), limiting calories or specific nutrients without malnutrition, extends lifespan across diverse taxa. Traditionally, this lifespan extension has been explained as a result of diet‐mediated changes in the trade‐off between lifespan and reproduction, with survival favored when resources are scarce. However, a recently proposed alternative suggests that the selective benefit of the response to DR is the maintenance of reproduction. This hypothesis predicts that lifespan extension is a side effect of benign laboratory conditions, and DR individuals would be frailer and unable to deal with additional stressors, and thus lifespan extension should disappear under more stressful conditions. We tested this by rearing outbred female fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) on 10 different protein:carbohydrate diets. Flies were either infected with a bacterial pathogen (Pseudomonas entomophila), injured with a sterile pinprick, or unstressed. We monitored lifespan, fecundity, and measures of aging. DR extended lifespan and reduced reproduction irrespective of injury and infection. Infected flies on lower protein diets had particularly poor survival. Exposure to infection and injury did not substantially alter the relationship between diet and aging patterns. These results do not provide support for lifespan extension under DR being a side effect of benign laboratory conditions.
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DOI：
10.1093/geronj/42.1.78
发表时间：
1987-01-01
期刊：
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
INGRAM, DK;WEINDRUCH, R;WALFORD, RL
通讯作者：
WALFORD, RL
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Fontana L;Partridge L
通讯作者：
Partridge L
超越卡路里：促进健康，长寿和福祉的综合方法。
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Bertozzi B;Tosti V;Fontana L
通讯作者：
Fontana L
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Clancy, DJ;Gems, D;Partridge, L
通讯作者：
Partridge, L
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
GRAVES, JL;MUELLER, LD
通讯作者：
MUELLER, LD