The Black Box effect: sensory stimulation after learning interferes with the retention of long-term object location memory in rats.
The Black Box effect: sensory stimulation after learning interferes with the retention of long-term object location memory in rats.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1101/lm.053256.120
复制
发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hardt O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arkell D;Groves I;Wood ER;Hardt O
在学习之后的一段时间内减少感官体验可以改善健康人的长期记忆保持，甚至可以保留健忘症患者的记忆。到目前为止，还完全不清楚为什么会出现这种情况，并且确定支持这种效应的神经生物学机制需要合适的动物模型，这是目前缺乏的。在这里，我们描述了一个简单的实验程序在大鼠，未来的研究可以用来直接解决这个问题。使用这种方法，我们复制了在人类中获得的关于安静觉醒的中心发现：我们表明，在开阔场地探索两个物体后，在熟悉的黑暗和安静的房间（黑匣子）中单独度过1小时的大鼠在6小时后表达了对物体位置的长期记忆，而直接回到笼子里的大鼠则没有。我们发现，视觉刺激和与同种动物在一起都导致了笼子里的记忆丧失，因为将大鼠暴露于光线或黑匣子中的笼子伴侣足以破坏对物体位置的记忆。我们的研究结果表明，在大鼠和人类中，通常在自然环境中学习之后的日常感官体验会干扰促进长期记忆保持的过程，从而以追溯干扰的形式导致遗忘。这种效应中的过程并不依赖于睡眠，因为我们在感觉体验减少的时期阻止了睡眠。我们的研究结果也对研究实践有影响，描述了一种潜在有用的方法来研究神经生物学机制，这可能解释为什么学习后的正常感觉处理会损害健康人和健忘症患者的记忆。
Reducing sensory experiences during the period that immediately follows learning improves long-term memory retention in healthy humans, and even preserves memory in patients with amnesia. To date, it is entirely unclear why this is the case, and identifying the neurobiological mechanisms underpinning this effect requires suitable animal models, which are currently lacking. Here, we describe a straightforward experimental procedure in rats that future studies can use to directly address this issue. Using this method, we replicated the central findings on quiet wakefulness obtained in humans: We show that rats that spent 1 h alone in a familiar dark and quiet chamber (the Black Box) after exploring two objects in an open field expressed long-term memory for the object locations 6 h later, while rats that instead directly went back into their home cage with their cage mates did not. We discovered that both visual stimulation and being together with conspecifics contributed to the memory loss in the home cage, as exposing rats either to light or to a cage mate in the Black Box was sufficient to disrupt memory for object locations. Our results suggest that in both rats and humans, everyday sensory experiences that normally follow learning in natural settings can interfere with processes that promote long-term memory retention, thereby causing forgetting in form of retroactive interference. The processes involved in this effect are not sleep-dependent because we prevented sleep in periods of reduced sensory experience. Our findings, which also have implications for research practices, describe a potentially useful method to study the neurobiological mechanisms that might explain why normal sensory processing after learning impairs memory both in healthy humans and in patients suffering from amnesia.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Albasser, Mathieu M.;Olarte-Sanchez, Cristian M.;Amin, Eman;Brown, Malcolm W.;Kinnavane, Lisa;Aggleton, John P.
通讯作者：
Aggleton, John P.
影响因子：
25
作者：
Connor CE;Knierim JJ
通讯作者：
Knierim JJ
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Censor N;Horovitz SG;Cohen LG
通讯作者：
Cohen LG
影响因子：
7.8
作者：
Appleby, Peter A.;Wiskott, Laurenz
通讯作者：
Wiskott, Laurenz
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Bartko, Susan J.;Winters, Boyer D.;Bussey, Timothy J.
通讯作者：
Bussey, Timothy J.