Century Wide Changes in Macronutrient Levels in Indian Mothers' Milk: A Systematic Review.
Century Wide Changes in Macronutrient Levels in Indian Mothers' Milk: A Systematic Review.
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作者：
这项系统回顾的目的是了解印度母亲的母乳成分，并报告过去100年来的变化。根据PRISMA进行了审查，并在PROSPERO(CRD42022299224)注册。通过搜索Google Scholar、ResearchGate、PubMed和Cochrane数据库的系统性评论，确定了1921年至2021年期间发表的所有记录。所有观察性、干预性或补充性研究报告了分娩足月婴儿的印度母亲的乳汁中的大量营养素(蛋白质、脂肪、乳糖)。有关微量营养素、早产和方法的出版物被排除在外。牛奶分为初乳型、过渡型和成熟型。总共确定了111条记录，其中34条被纳入最后审查。初乳、过渡乳和成熟乳的脂肪含量分别为1.83~4.49g/100m L、2.6~5.59g/100m L和2.77~4.78g/100m L。初乳的蛋白质含量(1.54~8.36g/100ml)高于过渡乳(1.08~2.38g/100mL)和成熟乳(0.87~2.33g/100mL)。初乳中的乳糖含量(4.5-6.47g/100mL)低于过渡乳(4.8-7.37g/100mL)和成熟乳(6.78-7.7g/100mL)。更早的研究(1950-1980)报告称，与随后的时间点相比，初乳中的脂肪和蛋白质含量更高。母亲的营养状况、饮食、社会经济状况和地区以及研究设计的具体时间或牛奶采样和分析方法的差异也存在差异。此外，随着时间的推移，方法的进步使解释时间趋势变得具有挑战性。必须使用标准化的抽样和估计方法对印度母乳的营养成分进行精心设计的多中心研究，以了解各种相关因素的作用，这一点不能被削弱。
The purpose of this systematic review was to understand Indian mothers’ milk composition and report changes in it over the past 100 years. A review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022299224). All records published between 1921 and 2021 were identified by searching databases Google Scholar, ResearchGate, PubMed, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. All observational, interventional, or supplementation studies reporting macronutrients (protein, fat, lactose) in milk of Indian mothers, delivering term infants, were included. Publications on micronutrients, preterm, and methods were excluded. Milk was categorized into colostrum, transitional, and mature. In all, 111 records were identified, of which 34 were included in the final review. Fat ranged from 1.83 to 4.49 g/100 mL, 2.6 to 5.59 g/100 mL, and 2.77 to 4.78 g/100 mL in colostrum, transitional, and mature milk, respectively. The protein was higher in colostrum (1.54 to 8.36 g/100mL) as compared to transitional (1.08 to 2.38 g/100 mL) and mature milk (0.87 to 2.33 g/100 mL). Lactose was lower in colostrum (4.5–6.47 g/100 mL) as compared to transitional (4.8–7.37 g/100 mL) and mature milk ranges (6.78–7.7 g/100 mL). The older studies (1950–1980) reported higher fat and protein in colostrum as compared to subsequent time points. There were variations in maternal nutritional status, diet, socioeconomic status, and regions along with study design specific differences of time or methods of milk sampling and analysis. Additionally, advancements in methods over time make it challenging to interpret time trends. The need for conducting well-designed, multicentric studies on nutrient composition of Indian mother’s milk using standardized methods of sampling and estimation for understanding the role of various associated factors cannot be undermined.
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影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Butts CA;Hedderley DI;Herath TD;Paturi G;Glyn-Jones S;Wiens F;Stahl B;Gopal P
通讯作者：
Gopal P
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Ballard, Olivia;Morrow, Ardythe L.
通讯作者：
Morrow, Ardythe L.
DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/nqab075
发表时间：
2021-05-08
期刊：
The American journal of clinical nutrition
影响因子：
--
作者：
Christian P;Smith ER;Lee SE;Vargas AJ;Bremer AA;Raiten DJ
通讯作者：
Raiten DJ
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Al-Tamer, Y. Y.;Mahmood, A. A.
通讯作者：
Mahmood, A. A.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Gao, Chang;Liu, Ge;Zhou, Shao J.
通讯作者：
Zhou, Shao J.