Using effort to measure reward value of faces in children with autism.
Using effort to measure reward value of faces in children with autism.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0079493
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Rhodes G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ewing L;Pellicano E;Rhodes G
根据一个有影响力的说法，自闭症患者的面部加工非典典性反映了面部奖励价值的降低，这导致他们在发育过程中对面部的关注有限，从而无法获得面部专业知识。然而，令人惊讶的是，直接调查自闭症患者面部奖励价值的工作很少，而且这一人群中面部奖励减少的证据仍然模棱两可。在目前的研究中，我们测量了自闭症儿童在观看人脸时的努力程度，使用了一个费力的按键序列，以及他们是否对漂亮和不漂亮的面孔的不同奖励值敏感。与预期相反，具有认知能力的自闭症儿童在观看人脸的意愿上与年龄和能力相仿的正常发育儿童并无不同。此外，付出的努力与两组儿童的面部吸引力评分呈强烈正相关。也没有证据表明自闭症儿童对其他社会性较低的类别（汽车和倒脸）有非典型的奖励值。这些结果反驳了自闭症患者的面部识别困难是由面孔的非典型奖励价值来解释的可能性。
According to one influential account, face processing atypicalities in autism reflect reduced reward value of faces, which results in limited attention to faces during development and a consequent failure to acquire face expertise. Surprisingly, however, there is a paucity of work directly investigating the reward value of faces for individuals with autism and the evidence for diminished face rewards in this population remains equivocal. In the current study, we measured how hard children with autism would work to view faces, using an effortful key-press sequence, and whether they were sensitive to the differential reward value of attractive and unattractive faces. Contrary to expectations, cognitively able children with autism did not differ from typically developing children of similar age and ability in their willingness to work to view faces. Moreover, the effort expended was strongly positively correlated with facial attractiveness ratings in both groups of children. There was also no evidence of atypical reward values for other, less social categories (cars and inverted faces) in the children with autism. These results speak against the possibility that face recognition difficulties in autism are explained by atypical reward value of faces.
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