Intuition and Moral Decision-Making - The Effect of Time Pressure and Cognitive Load on Moral Judgment and Altruistic Behavior.
Intuition and Moral Decision-Making - The Effect of Time Pressure and Cognitive Load on Moral Judgment and Altruistic Behavior.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0164012
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Västfjäll D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tinghög G;Andersson D;Bonn C;Johannesson M;Kirchler M;Koppel L;Västfjäll D
个体是否在直觉上更倾向于某些道德行为？本研究探讨了直觉思维在道德判断和行为中的作用，直觉思维由时间压力和认知负荷引起。我们在三个不同的国家（瑞典，奥地利和美国）进行实验，涉及1,400多名受试者。所有受试者回答四个电车类型的困境和四个独裁者游戏涉及不同的慈善事业。决策是在时间压力/时间延迟或经历认知负荷或控制时做出的。总的来说，我们找到了一致的证据，表明直觉状态不会影响道德决策。时间压力和认知负荷对道德判断和利他行为都没有影响。因此，我们没有找到支持直觉道德判断和独裁者博弈不同于更多反思性决策的证据。在所有的样本和决策任务中，男性比女性更容易做出功利主义的道德判断和自私的行为，这进一步证明了在道德决策方面存在强大的性别差异。然而，性别和直观与反思决策的治疗操作之间没有显着的相互作用。
Do individuals intuitively favor certain moral actions over others? This study explores the role of intuitive thinking—induced by time pressure and cognitive load—in moral judgment and behavior. We conduct experiments in three different countries (Sweden, Austria, and the United States) involving over 1,400 subjects. All subjects responded to four trolley type dilemmas and four dictator games involving different charitable causes. Decisions were made under time pressure/time delay or while experiencing cognitive load or control. Overall we find converging evidence that intuitive states do not influence moral decisions. Neither time-pressure nor cognitive load had any effect on moral judgments or altruistic behavior. Thus we find no supporting evidence for the claim that intuitive moral judgments and dictator game giving differ from more reflectively taken decisions. Across all samples and decision tasks men were more likely to make utilitarian moral judgments and act selfishly compared to women, providing further evidence that there are robust gender differences in moral decision-making. However, there were no significant interactions between gender and the treatment manipulations of intuitive versus reflective decision-making.
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