Mechanisms of Rapid Karyotype Evolution in Mammals.

Mechanisms of Rapid Karyotype Evolution in Mammals.
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DOI:
10.3390/genes15010062
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发表时间:
2023-12-31
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:

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Chromosome reshuffling events are often a foundational mechanism by which speciation can occur, giving rise to highly derivative karyotypes even amongst closely related species. Yet, the features that distinguish lineages prone to such rapid chromosome evolution from those that maintain stable karyotypes across evolutionary time are still to be defined. In this review, we summarize lineages prone to rapid karyotypic evolution in the context of Simpson’s rates of evolution—tachytelic, horotelic, and bradytelic—and outline the mechanisms proposed to contribute to chromosome rearrangements, their fixation, and their potential impact on speciation events. Furthermore, we discuss relevant genomic features that underpin chromosome variation, including patterns of fusions/fissions, centromere positioning, and epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation. Finally, in the era of telomere-to-telomere genomics, we discuss the value of gapless genome resources to the future of research focused on the plasticity of highly rearranged karyotypes.
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