Quantitative mental state attributions in language understanding.
Quantitative mental state attributions in language understanding.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.abj0970
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发表时间：
2021-11-19
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Rubio-Fernandez P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jara-Ettinger J;Rubio-Fernandez P
人们可以根据别人说话的方式，对他们的思想内容建立细微而准确的表征。人类的社会智力依赖于我们推断他人精神状态的能力，比如他们的信仰、欲望和意图。虽然人们精通从身体动作中推断心理状态，但人们是否能从简单的语言事件中做出类似粒度的推断尚不清楚。在这里，我们证明了人们可以从简单的指称表达中进行定量的心理状态归因，复制了非语言心理理论的细粒度推理结构特征。此外，人们在短暂接触特定说话人的语言模式后，会定量地调整这些推论。这些判断与我们的语言心智理论计算模型所做的预测相符，但无法用一种更简单的定性模型来解释，即演绎地将心理状态归为属性。我们的研究结果表明，语言和心理理论之间的联系是如何深入的，它们的相互作用体现在人类交流的最基本形式之一：参考。
People can build nuanced and accurate representations of the contents of other people’s minds based on how they speak. Human social intelligence relies on our ability to infer other people’s mental states such as their beliefs, desires, and intentions. While people are proficient at mental state inference from physical action, it is unknown whether people can make inferences of comparable granularity from simple linguistic events. Here, we show that people can make quantitative mental state attributions from simple referential expressions, replicating the fine-grained inferential structure characteristic of nonlinguistic theory of mind. Moreover, people quantitatively adjust these inferences after brief exposures to speaker-specific speech patterns. These judgments matched the predictions made by our computational model of theory of mind in language, but could not be explained by a simpler qualitative model that attributes mental states deductively. Our findings show how the connection between language and theory of mind runs deep, with their interaction showing in one of the most fundamental forms of human communication: reference.
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