Integrated double mulching practices optimizes soil temperature and improves soil water utilization in arid environments
Integrated double mulching practices optimizes soil temperature and improves soil water utilization in arid environments
复制标题
综合双覆盖实践可优化土壤温度并提高干旱环境下的土壤水分利用率
DOI：
10.1007/s00484-016-1134-y
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发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Guo, Yao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Falong;Chai, Qiang;Gan, Yantai;Guo, Yao
在世界上许多干旱和半干旱地区，水资源短缺威胁着农业的可持续性。目前尚不清楚改良的节水措施能否在提高作物产量的同时缓解这一问题。在本研究中，我们开发了一种“双覆盖”系统，即塑料薄膜与秸秆覆盖相结合，与强化带状间作相结合。研究了双重覆盖系统对土壤蒸发和水分保持的响应，以及双重覆盖系统下植物生长关键时期土壤温度的变化。试验于2009 - 2011年在西北地区进行。结果表明，与常规做法（对照）相比，小麦-玉米带状间作土壤水分（mm）在播种前平均增加3.8%，在小麦和玉米共生长期平均增加5.3%，在小麦收获后平均增加4.4%，在玉米收获后平均增加4.9%。与对照相比，复盖使两个间作的总蒸散量平均减少4.6% （P< 0.05）。另一个特征是，在2年内，冷季小麦条层土壤温度降低1.26 ~ 1.31℃，暖季玉米条层土壤温度降低1.31 ~ 1.51℃。双膜间作下玉米条土壤温度比小麦条高1.25 ~ 1.94℃；特别是与常规耕作间作时，温度可达1.58 ~ 2.11℃；这使得两种间作作物在双覆盖系统下的共生长期处于良好的“协同”状态。两种间作对土壤水分的改善和土壤温度的优化表明，双覆盖体系下的小麦-玉米强化可以作为缓解缺水地区缺水问题的有效耕作模式。
Water shortage threatens agricultural sustainability in many arid and semiarid areas of the world. It is unknown whether improved water conservation practices can be developed to alleviate this issue while increasing crop productivity. In this study, we developed a “double mulching” system, i.e., plastic film coupled with straw mulch, integrated together with intensified strip intercropping. We determined (i) the responses of soil evaporation and moisture conservation to the integrated double mulching system and (ii) the change of soil temperature during key plant growth stages under the integrated systems. Experiments were carried out in northwest China in 2009 to 2011. Results show that wheat-maize strip intercropping in combination with plastic film and straw covering on the soil surface increased soil moisture (mm) by an average of 3.8 % before sowing, 5.3 % during the wheat and maize co-growth period, 4.4 % after wheat harvest, and 4.9 % after maize harvest, compared to conventional practice (control). The double mulching decreased total evapotranspiration of the two intercrops by an average of 4.6 % (P< 0.05), compared to control. An added feature was that the double mulching system decreased soil temperature in the top 10-cm depth by 1.26 to 1.31 °C in the strips of the cool-season wheat, and by 1.31 to 1.51 °C in the strips of the warm-season maize through the 2 years. Soil temperature of maize strips higher as 1.25 to 1.94 °C than that of wheat strips in the top 10-cm soil depth under intercropping with the double mulching system; especially higher as 1.58 to 2.11 °C under intercropping with the conventional tillage; this allows the two intercrops to grow in a well “collaborative” status under the double mulching system during their co-growth period. The improvement of soil moisture and the optimization of soil temperature for the two intercrops allow us to conclude that wheat-maize intensification with the double mulching system can be used as an effective farming model in alleviating water shortage issues experiencing in water shortage areas.
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影响因子：
6.2
作者：
F. Plauborg
通讯作者：
F. Plauborg
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
K. Shinners;W. Nelson;R. Wang
通讯作者：
K. Shinners;W. Nelson;R. Wang
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Li, Rong;Hou, Xianqing;Yang, Baoping
通讯作者：
Yang, Baoping
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Sebastian Munz;S. Graeff‐Hönninger;J. Lizaso;Qing Chen;W. Claupein
通讯作者：
Sebastian Munz;S. Graeff‐Hönninger;J. Lizaso;Qing Chen;W. Claupein
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Li-Min Zhou;Sheng-Li Jin;Chang-An Liu;Y. Xiong;Jian-Ting Si;Xiao Gang Li;Y. Gan;Fengmin Li
通讯作者：
Li-Min Zhou;Sheng-Li Jin;Chang-An Liu;Y. Xiong;Jian-Ting Si;Xiao Gang Li;Y. Gan;Fengmin Li