A meta-analysis of interventions to reduce loneliness.

A meta-analysis of interventions to reduce loneliness.
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DOI:
10.1177/1088868310377394
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发表时间:
2011-08
期刊:
Personality and social psychology review : an official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Cacioppo JT
Cacioppo JT
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Masi CM;Chen HY;Hawkley LC;Cacioppo JT

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社会和人口趋势使越来越多的成年人面临孤独的风险,这是身心疾病的一个既定风险因素。孤独的成本不断增加,导致了一些减少孤独的干预措施。定性评价确定了四个主要的干预策略:1)提高社会技能,2)加强社会支持,3)增加社会接触的机会,4)解决适应不良的社会认知。对减少孤独感的干预措施进行了综合荟萃分析,以量化每种策略的效果,并研究调节变量的潜在作用。结果显示,单组前后和非随机比较研究产生了较大的平均效应量相对于随机比较研究。在使用后一种设计的研究中,最成功的干预措施解决了适应不良的社会认知。这与当前关于孤独及其病因学的理论是一致的。与设计新的孤独减少干预措施的理论和方法问题进行了讨论。
Social and demographic trends are placing an increasing number of adults at risk for loneliness, an established risk factor for physical and mental illness. The growing costs of loneliness have led to a number of loneliness reduction interventions. Qualitative reviews have identified four primary intervention strategies: 1) improving social skills, 2) enhancing social support, 3) increasing opportunities for social contact, and 4) addressing maladaptive social cognition. An integrative meta-analysis of loneliness reduction interventions was conducted to quantify the effects of each strategy and to examine the potential role of moderator variables. Results revealed that single group pre-post and non-randomized comparison studies yielded larger mean effect sizes relative to randomized comparison studies. Among studies that used the latter design, the most successful interventions addressed maladaptive social cognition. This is consistent with current theories regarding loneliness and its etiology. Theoretical and methodological issues associated with designing new loneliness reduction interventions are discussed.
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