Increasing melanism along a latitudinal gradient in a widespread amphibian: local adaptation, ontogenic or environmental plasticity?
Increasing melanism along a latitudinal gradient in a widespread amphibian: local adaptation, ontogenic or environmental plasticity?
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-10-317
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发表时间：
2010-10-21
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Merilä J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alho JS;Herczeg G;Söderman F;Laurila A;Jönsson KI;Merilä J
黑化作用对体外动物的热益处已被广泛认识，但人们对黑化程度沿温度梯度的种群分化知之甚少，以及遗传和环境因素对黑化程度的相对贡献。我们通过比较(I)跨越斯堪的纳维亚半岛1500公里长的纬度梯度的12个种群和(Ii)在一个共同的花园实验中来自纬度极端的两个种群之间的黑化程度，研究了普通青蛙(Rana Temporaria；一种活跃的日温式温度调节器)黑化程度的变化。我们发现，黑化程度在野外随着纬度的变化而急剧增加。黑化群体分化程度(PST)和中性标记座位(FST)的比较表明，PST和FST的差异不能单独用随机遗传漂移来解释。然而，在野外观察到的纬度趋势并不存在于常见的花园数据中，这表明自然界中的跃层不是直接的遗传差异所致。由于可以排除直接的局部适应，所观察到的趋势可能是由环境驱动的表型可塑性或个体发育可塑性加上种群年龄结构的差异造成的。总体而言，我们的结果提供了一个例子，说明表型可塑性甚至普通个体发育如何驱动纬向倾斜，并导致模式与适应性假设下预期的遗传差异完美匹配。
The thermal benefits of melanism in ectothermic animals are widely recognized, but relatively little is known about population differentiation in the degree of melanism along thermal gradients, and the relative contributions of genetic vs. environmental components into the level of melanism expressed. We investigated variation in the degree of melanism in the common frog (Rana temporaria; an active heliotherm thermoregulator) by comparing the degree of melanism (i) among twelve populations spanning over 1500 km long latitudinal gradient across the Scandinavian Peninsula and (ii) between two populations from latitudinal extremes subjected to larval temperature treatments in a common garden experiment. We found that the degree of melanism increased steeply in the wild as a function of latitude. Comparison of the degree of population differentiation in melanism (PST) and neutral marker loci (FST) revealed that the PST >FST, indicating that the differences cannot be explained by random genetic drift alone. However, the latitudinal trend observed in the wild was not present in the common garden data, suggesting that the cline in nature is not attributable to direct genetic differences. As straightforward local adaptation can be ruled out, the observed trend is likely to result from environment-driven phenotypic plasticity or ontogenetic plasticity coupled with population differences in age structure. In general, our results provide an example how phenotypic plasticity or even plain ontogeny can drive latitudinal clines and result in patterns perfectly matching the genetic differences expected under adaptive hypotheses.
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影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Jonsson, K. Ingemar;Herczeg, Gabor;Merila, Juha
通讯作者：
Merila, Juha
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Eizirik, E;Yuhki, N;O'Brien, SJ
通讯作者：
O'Brien, SJ
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Gienapp, P.;Teplitsky, C.;Merila, J.
通讯作者：
Merila, J.
DOI：
10.1016/s1011-1344(00)00136-6
发表时间：
2000-12-01
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Hofer, R;Mokri, C
通讯作者：
Mokri, C
影响因子：
0.7
作者：
Herczeg, Gabor;Matsuba, Chikako;Merila, Juha
通讯作者：
Merila, Juha