Biomedical applications of zinc oxide nanomaterials.

Biomedical applications of zinc oxide nanomaterials.
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DOI:
10.2174/1566524013666131111130058
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发表时间:
2013-12
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Cai W
Cai W
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang Y;Nayak TR;Hong H;Cai W

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纳米技术在过去几十年里取得了巨大进步。氧化锌(ZnO)可以表现出多种纳米结构,具有独特的半导体、光学和压电特性,因此已被研究用于多种应用。 ZnO纳米材料最重要的特点之一是低毒和可生物降解。 Zn2+是成人不可缺少的微量元素(建议每天~10毫克Zn2+),参与新陈代谢的各个方面。从化学角度来看,ZnO 的表面富含-OH 基团,可以很容易地被各种表面装饰分子功能化。在这篇综述文章中,我们总结了 ZnO 纳米材料在生物医学应用中的使用现状,例如生物医学成像(包括荧光、磁共振、正电子发射断层扫描以及双模态成像)、药物递送、基因递送和各种感兴趣分子的生物传感。未来十年,氧化锌纳米材料的生物医学应用研究将继续蓬勃发展,需要大量研究工作来开发生物相容性/可生物降解的氧化锌纳米平台,以实现潜在的临床转化。
Nanotechnology has witnessed tremendous advancement over the last several decades. Zinc oxide (ZnO), which can exhibit a wide variety of nanostructures, possesses unique semiconducting, optical, and piezoelectric properties hence has been investigated for a wide variety of applications. One of the most important features of ZnO nanomaterials is low toxicity and biodegradability. Zn2+ is an indispensable trace element for adults (~10 mg of Zn2+ per day is recommended) and it is involved in various aspects of metabolism. Chemically, the surface of ZnO is rich in -OH groups, which can be readily functionalized by various surface decorating molecules. In this review article, we summarized the current status of the use of ZnO nanomaterials for biomedical applications, such as biomedical imaging (which includes fluorescence, magnetic resonance, positron emission tomography, as well as dual-modality imaging), drug delivery, gene delivery, and biosensing of a wide array of molecules of interest. Research in biomedical applications of ZnO nanomaterials will continue to flourish over the next decade, and much research effort will be needed to develop biocompatible/biodegradable ZnO nanoplatforms for potential clinical translation.
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