A review on biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and their biocidal properties.
A review on biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and their biocidal properties.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12951-018-0334-5
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发表时间：
2018-02-16
影响因子：
10.2
通讯作者：
Rao RAK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siddiqi KS;Husen A;Rao RAK
银和银盐的使用与人类文明一样古老，但银纳米颗粒（Ag NPs）的制造直到最近才得到承认。它们在农业和医药中被用作抗菌、抗真菌和抗氧化剂。已经证明，Ag NPs通过将Ag/Ag+与微生物细胞中的生物分子结合，可以抑制许多细菌的生长和增殖，如蜡样芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、克塞利柠檬酸杆菌、伤寒沙门氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、副溶血性弧菌和白色念珠菌。Ag NPs产生活性氧和自由基，导致细胞凋亡导致细胞死亡，阻止其复制。由于银纳米粒子比微生物小，它们会扩散到细胞中并破坏细胞壁，这从含有纳米粒子和病原体的悬浮液的SEM和TEM图像中可以看出。研究还表明，较小的纳米颗粒比较大的纳米颗粒毒性更大。Ag NPs还用于包装，以防止病原体对食品的损害。银纳米颗粒的毒性取决于培养基的大小、浓度、pH值和暴露于病原体的时间。
Use of silver and silver salts is as old as human civilization but the fabrication of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) has only recently been recognized. They have been specifically used in agriculture and medicine as antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidants. It has been demonstrated that Ag NPs arrest the growth and multiplication of many bacteria such as Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Citrobacter koseri, Salmonella typhii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and fungus Candida albicans by binding Ag/Ag+ with the biomolecules present in the microbial cells. It has been suggested that Ag NPs produce reactive oxygen species and free radicals which cause apoptosis leading to cell death preventing their replication. Since Ag NPs are smaller than the microorganisms, they diffuse into cell and rupture the cell wall which has been shown from SEM and TEM images of the suspension containing nanoparticles and pathogens. It has also been shown that smaller nanoparticles are more toxic than the bigger ones. Ag NPs are also used in packaging to prevent damage of food products by pathogens. The toxicity of Ag NPs is dependent on the size, concentration, pH of the medium and exposure time to pathogens.
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