Threat and deprivation are associated with distinct aspects of cognition, emotional processing, and psychopathology in children and adolescents.
Threat and deprivation are associated with distinct aspects of cognition, emotional processing, and psychopathology in children and adolescents.
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威胁和剥夺与儿童和青少年的认知，情感处理和心理病理学的不同方面有关。
DOI：
10.1111/desc.13267
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发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Salum, Giovanni Abrahao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schafer, Julia Luiza;McLaughlin, Katie A.;Manfro, Gisele Gus;Pan, Pedro;Rohde, Luis Augusto;Miguel, Euripedes Constantino;Simioni, Andre;Hoffmann, Mauricio Scopel;Salum, Giovanni Abrahao
暴露于童年逆境一直与不良的发展结果有关，但目前还不清楚这些协会是否在不同形式的逆境中有所不同。我们在一个中等收入国家研究了威胁和剥夺与认知、情绪处理和精神病理学之间的横向和纵向关联。样本包括来自巴西精神疾病高危队列的2，511名儿童和青少年（6-17岁）。父母对儿童逆境的报告被用来构建逆境潜在结构。通过儿童行为检查表（CBCL）测量精神病理学，以产生一般精神病理学的测量值（“p”因子）。执行功能（EF）和注意导向愤怒的面孔进行了评估，使用认知任务。所有的措施，获得了两个时间点3年的间隔和线性模型进行了估计，以评估协会。更高水平的精神病理学与更高水平的横向和纵向的威胁，并与纵向剥夺。对于EF，较差的表现仅与基线和随访时的剥夺相关。最后，威胁与注意力转向愤怒的面孔横截面，但没有任何形式的逆境与随着时间的推移在注意力偏见的变化。我们的研究结果表明，威胁和剥夺与认知发展和精神病理学有不同的关联。童年时期遭遇逆境是一个复杂的现象，对儿童的发展有着重要的影响。因为逆境可以有多种形式，维度模型可能有助于解开不同类型的早期经验的具体发展影响。
Exposure to childhood adversity has been consistently associated with poor developmental outcomes, but it is unclear whether these associations vary across different forms of adversity. We examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between threat and deprivation with cognition, emotional processing, and psychopathology in a middle-income country. The sample consisted of 2,511 children and adolescents (6-17 years old) from the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort for Psychiatric Disorders. Parent reports on childhood adversity were used to construct adversity latent constructs. Psychopathology was measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to generate a measure of general psychopathology (the “p” factor). Executive function (EF) and attention orienting toward angry faces were assessed using cognitive tasks. All measures were acquired at two time-points 3-years apart and linear models were estimated to evaluate associations. Higher levels of psychopathology were associated with higher levels of threat both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, and with deprivation longitudinally. For EF, worse performance was associated only with deprivation at baseline and follow-up. Finally, threat was associated with attention orienting towards angry faces cross-sectionally, but neither forms of adversity were associated with changes over time in attention bias. Our results suggest that threat and deprivation have differential associations with cognitive development and psychopathology. Exposure to adversity during childhood is a complex phenomenon with meaningful effects on child development. Because adversity can take many forms, dimensional models might help to disentangle the specific developmental impacts of different types of early experience.
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DOI：
10.1080/10705519909540118
发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
6
作者：
Hu, Li-tze;Bentler, Peter M.
通讯作者：
Bentler, Peter M.
忽视是对物种的经验的侵犯：神经发育后果。
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
McLaughlin KA;Sheridan MA;Nelson CA
通讯作者：
Nelson CA
影响因子：
5
作者：
Magruder KM;McLaughlin KA;Elmore Borbon DL
通讯作者：
Elmore Borbon DL
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Costello, EJ;Erkanli, A;Angold, A
通讯作者：
Angold, A
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Bitsakou, P.;Psychogiou, L.;Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S.
通讯作者：
Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S.