Endogenous opioid system influences depressive reactions to socially painful targeted rejection life events.
Endogenous opioid system influences depressive reactions to socially painful targeted rejection life events.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.07.009
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发表时间：
2014-11
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hammen, Constance
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Slavich, George M.;Tartter, Molly A.;Brennan, Patricia A.;Hammen, Constance
虽然最近发生的重大生活事件是导致抑郁症的最大风险因素之一，但许多经历过这种压力的人并不会变得抑郁。此外，对社会逆境的不同情绪反应的生物学机制在很大程度上仍然未知。为了研究这一问题，我们研究了内源性阿片系统（已知影响对身体疼痛的敏感性）是否也与社会痛苦的针对性排斥和非针对性排斥生活事件后抑郁风险的差异有关。420名青少年（n = 420）参加了一项大型纵向出生队列研究，使用自我报告和基于访谈的方法评估了他们最近的压力暴露和当前的心理健康状况。研究人员还对参与者的μ-阿片受体基因（OPRM1, rs1799971）的A118G多态性进行了基因分型，发现该基因可能通过影响阿片受体的表达和信号传导效率，影响神经和心理对排斥反应的反应。正如假设的那样，G等位基因携带者表现出较少的阿片受体表达和信号传导效率，他们更严重的抑郁，并且相对于经历过这种压力的a / a纯合子，在最近有针对性的排斥重大生活事件（例如，分手，被解雇）后，符合重度抑郁症标准的可能性是其两倍。然而，A118G基因型并没有缓和其他类似严重的重大生活事件对抑郁症的影响。因此，这些数据阐明了可能特别影响对社会痛苦和排斥的敏感性的生物学途径，这反过来又对理解抑郁症和其他几种社会压力相关疾病的不同风险具有重要意义。
Although exposure to a recent major life event is one of the strongest known risk factors for depression, many people who experience such stress do not become depressed. Moreover, the biological mechanisms underlying differential emotional reactions to social adversity remain largely unknown. To investigate this issue, we examined whether the endogenous opioid system, which is known to influence sensitivity to physical pain, is also implicated in differential risk for depression following socially painful targeted rejection versus non-targeted rejection life events. Adolescents (n = 420) enrolled in a large longitudinal birth cohort study had their recent stress exposure and current mental health status assessed using self-report and interview-based methods. Participants were also genotyped for the A118G polymorphism in the μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1, rs1799971), which has been found to influence neural and psychological responses to rejection, likely by affecting opioid receptor expression and signaling efficiency. As hypothesized, G allele carriers, who are known to exhibit less opioid receptor expression and signaling efficiency, were more severely depressed and twice as likely to meet criteria for major depressive disorder following a recent targeted rejection major life event (e.g., being broken up with, getting fired) relative to A/A homozygotes who experienced such stress. However, A118G genotype did not moderate the effects of other similarly severe major life events on depression. These data thus elucidate a biological pathway that may specifically influence sensitivity to social pain and rejection, which in turn has implications for understanding differential risk for depression and several other social stress-related disorders.
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