The Alcohol Environment Protocol: A new tool for alcohol policy.
The Alcohol Environment Protocol: A new tool for alcohol policy.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/dar.12654
复制
发表时间：
2018-08
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Parry CDH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casswell S;Morojele N;Williams PP;Chaiyasong S;Gordon R;Gray-Phillip G;Viet Cuong P;MacKintosh AM;Halliday S;Railton R;Randerson S;Parry CDH
报告关于酒精政策的实施情况，包括可获得性和营销以及酒后驾驶的数据，沿着两个小型高收入国家到三个中高收入国家和一个中低收入国家的执法评级。这项研究使用了酒精环境协议，这是一项国际酒精控制研究的研究工具，它通过标准化收集来自行政来源的数据，观察性研究和对关键知情人的采访来记录酒精政策环境，以便进行跨国比较和随时间的变化。所有国家都在不同程度上采用了世界卫生组织《减少有害使用酒精全球战略》（2010年）概述的关键有效政策办法。高收入国家更有可能为执法分配资源。然而，在强制执行和实施程度高的地方，关于可获得性的政策相当宽松。关键信息提供者判断，酒精在高收入和中等收入国家都很容易获得，反映了前者的自由政策，后者的实施和执行以及非正式（无证）销售酒精较少。在所有国家，市场营销在很大程度上不受限制，虽然酒后驾车立法已经到位，但在中等收入国家执行得不太好。在资源较少的国家，酒精政策的效力较低，因为缺乏实施和执行，在销售方面，缺乏监管。这对由于商业酒精的分销和营销扩大以及随之而来的酒精相关危害增加而导致的消费增加产生了影响。
To report data on the implementation of alcohol policies regarding availability and marketing, and drink driving, along with ratings of enforcement from two small high‐income to three high‐middle income countries, and one low‐middle income country. This study uses the Alcohol Environment Protocol, an International Alcohol Control study research tool, which documents the alcohol policy environment by standardised collection of data from administrative sources, observational studies and interviews with key informants to allow for cross‐country comparison and change over time. All countries showed adoption to varying extents of key effective policy approaches outlined in the World Health Organization Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol (2010). High‐income countries were more likely to allocate resources to enforcement. However, where enforcement and implementation were high, policy on availability was fairly liberal. Key Informants judged alcohol to be very available in both high‐ and middle‐income countries, reflecting liberal policy in the former and less implementation and enforcement and informal (unlicensed) sale of alcohol in the latter. Marketing was largely unrestricted in all countries and while drink‐driving legislation was in place, it was less well enforced in middle‐income countries. In countries with fewer resources, alcohol policies are less effective because of lack of implementation and enforcement and, in the case of marketing, lack of regulation. This has implications for the increase in consumption taking place as a result of the expanding distribution and marketing of commercial alcohol and consequent increases in alcohol‐related harm.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
6
作者：
Noel, Jonathan K.;Babor, Thomas F.;Robaina, Katherine
通讯作者：
Robaina, Katherine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Puangsuwan, Areekul;Phakdeesettakun, Kannapon;Chaiyasong, Surasak
通讯作者：
Chaiyasong, Surasak
影响因子：
6
作者：
Robinson, Mark;Geue, Claudia;Beeston, Clare
通讯作者：
Beeston, Clare
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Naimi, Timothy S.;Blanchette, Jason;Xuan, Ziming
通讯作者：
Xuan, Ziming
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Casswell, Sally;Huckle, Taisia;Parker, Karl
通讯作者：
Parker, Karl