The role of reward prediction in the control of attention.
The role of reward prediction in the control of attention.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0037267
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发表时间：
2014-08
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Yantis, Steven
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sali, Anthony W.;Anderson, Brian A.;Yantis, Steven
先前得到奖励的刺激会不自觉地吸引注意力。这种价值驱动的注意力捕获背后的学习机制仍然不太清楚。我们测试了基于预测的联想奖励学习理论是否解释了奖励反馈导致注意力优先级基于价值的调制的条件。在四个实验中，我们操纵刺激特征是否作为奖励结果的唯一预测因子。参与者在最初的搜索任务（训练阶段）中正确识别颜色定义的目标获得金钱奖励，然后立即完成第二个无奖励的视觉搜索任务，其中颜色无关（测试阶段）。在实验1-3中，金钱奖励在训练过程中遵循正确的目标选择，但关键的是，没有目标定义特征携带关于奖励结果的唯一预测信息。在这些条件下，我们发现没有证据的注意力捕获之前的目标颜色在随后的测试阶段。相反，当目标颜色在实验4的训练阶段进行唯一的预测信息奖励的大小，我们观察到显着的注意力捕获先前奖励的颜色。我们的研究结果表明，基于价值的注意力优先级只发展的刺激功能，进行独特的预测信息的奖励，排除了纯粹的动机帐户，并建议奖励预测机制在塑造注意力优先级的重要作用。
Previously rewarded stimuli involuntarily capture attention. The learning mechanisms underlying this value-driven attentional capture remain less understood. We tested whether theories of prediction-based associative reward learning explain the conditions under which reward feedback leads to value-based modulations of attentional priority. Across four experiments, we manipulated whether stimulus features served as unique predictors of reward outcomes. Participants received monetary rewards for correctly identifying a color-defined target in an initial search task (training phase) and then immediately completed a second, unrewarded visual search task in which color was irrelevant (test phase). In Experiments 1–3, monetary reward followed correct target selection during training, but critically, no target-defining features carried uniquely predictive information about reward outcomes. Under these conditions, we found no evidence of attentional capture by the previous target colors in the subsequent test phase. Conversely, when target colors in the training phase of Experiment 4 carried uniquely predictive information about reward magnitude, we observed significant attentional capture by the previously rewarded color. Our findings show that value-based attentional priority only develops for stimulus features that carry uniquely predictive information about reward, ruling out a purely motivational account and suggesting that mechanisms of reward prediction play an important role in shaping attentional priorities.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Hickey C;Chelazzi L;Theeuwes J
通讯作者：
Theeuwes J
不加奖励的注意力偏见会在成瘾中放大。
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Anderson, Brian A.;Faulkner, Monica L.;Rilee, Jessica J.;Yantis, Steven;Marvel, Cherie L.
通讯作者：
Marvel, Cherie L.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1104047108
发表时间：
2011-06-21
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Anderson, Brian A.;Laurent, Patryk A.;Yantis, Steven
通讯作者：
Yantis, Steven
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Della Libera, Chiara;Chelazzi, Leonardo
通讯作者：
Chelazzi, Leonardo
影响因子：
2
作者：
Anderson BA;Laurent PA;Yantis S
通讯作者：
Yantis S