Oxidative stress, DNA damage, and antioxidant enzyme activity induced by hexavalent chromium in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Oxidative stress, DNA damage, and antioxidant enzyme activity induced by hexavalent chromium in Sprague-Dawley rats.
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DOI：
10.1002/tox.20395
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发表时间：
2009-02
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Tchounwou, Paul B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Patlolla, Anita K.;Barnes, Constance;Yedjou, Clement;Velma, V. R.;Tchounwou, Paul B.
关键词：
铬是一种广泛使用的工业化合物。可溶性六价铬Cr （VI）是一种环境污染物，被广泛认为是人类和动物的致癌物、诱变物和致畸物。铬在环境中的命运取决于它的氧化状态。Cr （VI）还原为Cr （III）导致反应性中间体的形成，导致氧化组织损伤和细胞损伤。在本研究中，重铬酸钾以每天2.5、5.0、7.5和10 mg/kg体重的剂量腹腔注射给Sprague-Dawley大鼠5天。测定肝脏和肾脏的氧化应激水平，包括活性氧（ROS）水平、脂质过氧化程度和抗氧化酶活性。采用单细胞凝胶电泳（彗星法）检测外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤。结果表明，暴露5天后，Cr （VI）引起肝脏和肾脏中ROS水平显著升高，同时超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性呈剂量依赖性增加。肝脏和肾脏中丙二醛含量均高于对照组。在24、48、72和96 h后观察到剂量和时间依赖性的DNA损伤效应。本研究结果表明，Cr （VI）对DNA损伤具有剂量和时间依赖性，肝脏和肾脏通过增强抗氧化酶活性来抵抗铬诱导的氧化应激。然而，肝脏比肾脏表现出更强的抗氧化防御能力。
Chromium is a widespread industrial compound. The soluble hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) is an environmental contaminant widely recognized as carcinogen, mutagen, and teratogen toward humans and animals. The fate of chromium in the environment is dependent on its oxidation state. The reduction of Cr (VI) to Cr (III) results in the formation of reactive intermediates leading to oxidative tissue damage and cellular injury. In the present investigation, Potassium dichromate was given intraperitoneally to Sprague-Dawley rats for 5 days with the doses of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 mg/kg body weight per day. Oxidative stress including the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the extent of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in both liver and kidney was determined. DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes was determined by single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). The results indicated that administration of Cr (VI) had caused a significant increase of ROS level in both liver and kidney after 5 days of exposure, accompanied with a dose-dependent increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. The malondialdehyde content in liver and kidney was elevated as compared with the control animals. Dose- and time-dependent effects were observed on DNA damage after 24, 48, 72, and 96 h posttreatment. The results obtained from the present study showed that Cr (VI) could induce dose- and time-dependent effects on DNA damage, both liver and kidney show defense against chromium-induced oxidative stress by enhancing their antioxidant enzyme activity. However, liver was found to exhibit more antioxidant defense than the kidney.
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DOI：
10.1016/0742-8413(94)00103-h
发表时间：
1995-03-01
期刊：
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-PHARMACOLOGY TOXICOLOGY & ENDOCRINOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
BAGCHI, D;HASSOUN, EA;STOHS, SJ
通讯作者：
STOHS, SJ
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
HUDECOVA, A;GINTER, E
通讯作者：
GINTER, E
DOI：
10.1530/jrf.0.0830785
发表时间：
1988-07-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY
影响因子：
--
作者：
KANTOLA, M;SAARANEN, M;VANHAPERTTULA, T
通讯作者：
VANHAPERTTULA, T
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Holvoet, P;Collen, D
通讯作者：
Collen, D
DOI：
10.1016/0748-5514(85)90026-1
发表时间：
1985-01-01
期刊：
Journal of Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
BRATTIN W J;GLENDE E A JR;RECKNAGEL R O
通讯作者：
RECKNAGEL R O