Nuclear receptors linking physiology and germline stem cells in Drosophila.

Nuclear receptors linking physiology and germline stem cells in Drosophila.
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DOI:
10.1016/bs.vh.2020.12.008
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ables ET
Ables ET
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Finger DS;Whitehead KM;Phipps DN;Ables ET

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母体营养和生理与不同生物体的生殖成功密切相关。尽管经过数十年的研究,将母体饮食与卵母细胞的产生和质量联系起来的分子机制仍然不清楚。核受体(NRs)将营养信号与细胞反应联系起来,对卵母细胞发育至关重要。果蝇是研究NR信号转导与卵母细胞生成关系的理想模型。在这篇综述中,我们探讨了果蝇核受体如何调节卵母细胞发育的早期阶段。长期以来被认为是发育转变的重要介质,我们专注于蜕皮激素受体及其配体蜕皮激素在卵子发生中的内在作用。我们还回顾了最近的研究表明,更广泛的作用,核反应堆作为监管机构的产妇生理和卵母细胞生产的影响。我们认为,核受体形成了一个广泛的生理监测网络的分子基础,将母体饮食与卵母细胞生产联系起来。考虑到果蝇和人类之间的功能保守性,对NR促进卵子发生的分子机制的持续实验研究可能有助于我们对人类生育能力的理解。
Maternal nutrition and physiology are intimately associated with reproductive success in diverse organisms. Despite decades of study, the molecular mechanisms linking maternal diet to the production and quality of oocytes remain poorly defined. Nuclear receptors (NRs) link nutritional signals to cellular responses and are essential for oocyte development. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is an excellent genetically tractable model to study the relationship between NR signaling and oocyte production. In this review, we explore how NRs in Drosophila regulate the earliest stages of oocyte development. Long-recognized as an essential mediator of developmental transitions, we focus on the intrinsic roles of the Ecdysone Receptor and its ligand, ecdysone, in oogenesis. We also review recent studies suggesting broader roles for NRs as regulators of maternal physiology and their impact specifically on oocyte production. We propose that NRs form the molecular basis of a broad physiological surveillance network linking maternal diet with oocyte production. Given the functional conservation between Drosophila and humans, continued experimental investigation into the molecular mechanisms by which NRs promote oogenesis will likely aid our understanding of human fertility.
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