Liquid and Hydrogel Phases of PrP(C) Linked to Conformation Shifts and Triggered by Alzheimer's Amyloid-β Oligomers.

Liquid and Hydrogel Phases of PrP(C) Linked to Conformation Shifts and Triggered by Alzheimer's Amyloid-β Oligomers.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2018.10.009
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发表时间:
2018-11-01
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Strittmatter SM
Strittmatter SM
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kostylev MA;Tuttle MD;Lee S;Klein LE;Takahashi H;Cox TO;Gunther EC;Zilm KW;Strittmatter SM

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Protein phase separation by low complexity, intrinsically disordered domains generates membraneless organelles and links to neurodegeneration. Cellular prion protein (PrPC) contains such domains, causes spongiform degeneration and is a receptor for Alzheimer’s amyloid-β oligomers (Aβo). Here, we show that PrPC separates as a liquid phase, in which α-helical Thr become unfolded. At the cell surface, PrPC Lys residues interact with Aβo to create a hydrogel containing immobile Aβo and relatively mobile PrPC. The Aβo/PrP hydrogel has a well-defined stoichiometry, and dissociates with excess Aβo. NMR studies of hydrogel PrPC reveal a distinct α-helical conformation for natively unfolded amino-terminal Gly and Ala residues. Aβo/PrP hydrogel traps signal-transducing mGluR5 on the plasma membrane. Recombinant PrPC extracts endogenous Aβo from human Alzheimer’s soluble brain lysates into hydrogel, and a PrPC antagonist releases Aßo from endogenous brain hydr ogel. Thus, coupled phase and conformational transitions of PrPC are driven by Aβ species from Alzheimer’s disease. Kostylev et al. investigate phase states of cellular prion protein, identifying liquid-liquid phase separation with C-terminal conformation changes. In a complex with amyloid-ß oligomers from Alzheimer’s disease, prion protein forms a stoichiometric reversible hydrogel. In this cell surface hydrogel, there is extensive α-helical folding of the natively unstructured prion N-terminus.
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