Exercise interventions for older adults: A systematic review of meta-analyses.
Exercise interventions for older adults: A systematic review of meta-analyses.
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老年人的运动干预措施：对荟萃分析的系统评价。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jshs.2020.06.003
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
11.7
通讯作者：
van der Wardt V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Di Lorito C;Long A;Byrne A;Harwood RH;Gladman JRF;Schneider S;Logan P;Bosco A;van der Wardt V
阻力训练和营养补充显著改善了肌肉力量。有监督的多模式运动和身体振动显著改善了平衡。多模式运动干预显著降低了跌倒的风险。关于团体运动、动机策略和促进者特征的研究很少。关于哪些体育锻炼特征对老年人最有效的证据是分散的。我们的目的是描述这种多样性和不一致性的程度，并通过对老年人运动干预的荟萃分析进行系统回顾，确定未来的研究方向。我们在科克伦系统评价数据库、PsycInfo、MEDLINE、Embase、CINAHL、AMED、SPORTDiscus和Web of Science中检索符合以下标准的文章：（1）综合改善措施的荟萃分析（例如，效果大小）对运动干预研究中确定的任何结果的影响;（2）荟萃分析的研究中的参与者是年龄为65岁以上或平均年龄为70岁以上的成年人;（3）荟萃分析包括任何类型的运动的研究，包括其持续时间、频率、强度和传递方式;（4）包括多个组成部分（例如，运动和认知刺激），分别计算运动成分的效应量;（5）以任何年份或语言发表的荟萃分析。通过叙述性综合报告了审查的特点、干预措施的特点和通过练习改进的参数的特点。确定与最大改进相关的干预措施是通过确定审查中记录的最高改进值来进行的。该研究包括56项荟萃分析，这些分析在人群、样本量、设置、结局和干预特征方面具有异质性。阻力训练、冥想运动干预和基于运动的主动视频游戏的改善效果最大。审查发现了研究中的重要差距，包括缺乏研究调查团体干预的好处，提供与更好结果相关的干预措施的专业人员的特征，以及激励策略和重要他人（例如，护理人员）的干预交付和成果。
Resistance training and nutritional supplementation significantly improved muscle strength. Supervised multimodal exercises and body vibration significantly improved balance. Multimodal exercise interventions significantly reduced the risk of falling. Few studies exist concerning group exercise, motivational strategies, and facilitators’ characteristics. The evidence concerning which physical exercise characteristics are most effective for older adults is fragmented. We aimed to characterize the extent of this diversity and inconsistency and identify future directions for research by undertaking a systematic review of meta-analyses of exercise interventions in older adults. We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsycInfo, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, AMED, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science for articles that met the following criteria: (1) meta-analyses that synthesized measures of improvement (e.g., effect sizes) on any outcome identified in studies of exercise interventions; (2) participants in the studies meta-analyzed were adults aged 65+ or had a mean age of 70+; (3) meta-analyses that included studies of any type of exercise, including its duration, frequency, intensity, and mode of delivery; (4) interventions that included multiple components (e.g., exercise and cognitive stimulation), with effect sizes that were computed separately for the exercise component; and (5) meta-analyses that were published in any year or language. The characteristics of the reviews, of the interventions, and of the parameters improved through exercise were reported through narrative synthesis. Identification of the interventions linked to the largest improvements was carried out by identifying the highest values for improvement recorded across the reviews. The study included 56 meta-analyses that were heterogeneous in relation to population, sample size, settings, outcomes, and intervention characteristics. The largest effect sizes for improvement were found for resistance training, meditative movement interventions, and exercise-based active videogames. The review identified important gaps in research, including a lack of studies investigating the benefits of group interventions, the characteristics of professionals delivering the interventions associated with better outcomes, and the impact of motivational strategies and of significant others (e.g., carers) on intervention delivery and outcomes.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Cadore, Eduardo L.;Bays Moneo, Ana B.;Izquierdo, Mikel
通讯作者：
Izquierdo, Mikel
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Arent, SM;Landers, DM;Etnier, JL
通讯作者：
Etnier, JL
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17051544
发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
Di Lorito, Claudio;Bosco, Alessandro;van der Wardt, Veronika
通讯作者：
van der Wardt, Veronika
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cadore, Eduardo L.;Casas-Herrero, Alvaro;Izquierdo, Mikel
通讯作者：
Izquierdo, Mikel
DOI：
10.1016/j.jamda.2014.08.007
发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Chan, Wai Chi;Yeung, Jerry Wing Fai;Law, Andrew Chi Kin
通讯作者：
Law, Andrew Chi Kin