What do we feed to food-production animals? A review of animal feed ingredients and their potential impacts on human health.
What do we feed to food-production animals? A review of animal feed ingredients and their potential impacts on human health.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.9760
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发表时间：
2007-05
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Walker, Polly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sapkota, Amy R.;Lefferts, Lisa Y.;McKenzie, Shawn;Walker, Polly
关键词：
在过去的一个世纪里，美国的动物喂养方式发生了很大的变化。由于大规模、集中的生产方法已成为畜牧业的主要模式，动物饲料已被修改，包括从加工动物和动物粪便到抗生素和有机砷的成分。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了目前美国动物饲养实践和在动物饲料中检测到的病原体。还评估了目前饲养方法可能对人类健康造成不利影响的证据。我们回顾了已发表的兽医和人类健康文献，内容涉及动物饲养实践、饲料中存在的病原、人类健康影响以及动物饲料研讨会的会议记录。数据从PubMed、Agricola、美国农业部、食品和药物管理局以及疾病控制和预防中心数据库中鉴定的同行评审文章和书籍中提取。研究结果强调，目前的动物饲养做法可能导致饲料和动物性食品中存在细菌、耐抗生素细菌、朊病毒、砷和二恶英。尽管可能会对人类健康产生一系列潜在影响，但存在重大数据缺口，无法对与动物饲料有关的人类健康风险进行全面评估。在联邦或州一级收集的有关动物饲料中特定成分的数量的数据有限，并且没有足够的监测系统来监测“从农场到餐桌”的病原体。要有效地解决这些问题，必须增加对综合兽医和人类健康监测系统的资助，并加强饲料专业人员、动物生产者、兽医和公共卫生官员之间的合作。
Animal feeding practices in the United States have changed considerably over the past century. As large-scale, concentrated production methods have become the predominant model for animal husbandry, animal feeds have been modified to include ingredients ranging from rendered animals and animal waste to antibiotics and organoarsenicals. In this article we review current U.S. animal feeding practices and etiologic agents that have been detected in animal feed. Evidence that current feeding practices may lead to adverse human health impacts is also evaluated. We reviewed published veterinary and human-health literature regarding animal feeding practices, etiologic agents present in feed, and human health effects along with proceedings from animal feed workshops. Data were extracted from peer-reviewed articles and books identified using PubMed, Agricola, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Drug Administration, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention databases. Findings emphasize that current animal feeding practices can result in the presence of bacteria, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, prions, arsenicals, and dioxins in feed and animal-based food products. Despite a range of potential human health impacts that could ensue, there are significant data gaps that prevent comprehensive assessments of human health risks associated with animal feed. Limited data are collected at the federal or state level concerning the amounts of specific ingredients used in animal feed, and there are insufficient surveillance systems to monitor etiologic agents “from farm to fork.” Increased funding for integrated veterinary and human health surveillance systems and increased collaboration among feed professionals, animal producers, and veterinary and public health officials is necessary to effectively address these issues.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Chapin A;Rule A;Gibson K;Buckley T;Schwab K
通讯作者：
Schwab K
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Arai, Y;Lanzirotti, A;Sparks, DL
通讯作者：
Sparks, DL
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Chapman, HD;Johnson, ZB
通讯作者：
Johnson, ZB
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Easton, MDL;Luszniak, D;Von der Geest, E
通讯作者：
Von der Geest, E
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Bager, F;Madsen, M;Aarestrup, FM
通讯作者：
Aarestrup, FM