Zooming in on Arctic urban nature: green and blue space in Nadym, Siberia

Zooming in on Arctic urban nature: green and blue space in Nadym, Siberia
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放大北极城市自然:西伯利亚纳德姆的绿色和蓝色空间

DOI:
10.1088/1748-9326/ac0fa3
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Esau, I
Esau, I
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fedorov, R;Kuklina, V;Sizov, O;Soromotin, A;Prihodko, N;Pechkin, A;Krasnenko, A;Lobanov, A;Esau, I

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城市景观将建成区与强烈改变的自然(绿色和蓝色)和其他开放空间结合在一起。大量文献研究了热带和温带城市的社会环境相互作用,而高纬度城市很少被考虑。在这里,我们为俄罗斯亚北极城市纳迪姆的城市绿色(植被)和蓝色(水域)空间创造了一个历史视角。我们的研究探索了一种新的方法,将来自卫星图像和生物统计学研究的定量信息与来自对利益相关者和居民的访谈的定性信息相结合。这样的联合分析有助于理解城市绿地和蓝色空间的动态及其社会价值。此外,我们还提出了反映与娱乐和生态服务相关的空间的社会价值的客观指标。对比温带城市研究,我们发现夏季绿地使用较少,但仍然高度重视,深湖比温暖的浅湖更被利用和重视,冬季白色空间不缩小而是提升了城市公共空间。卫星图像显示,城市建设不可避免地失去了绿地,并通过人工种植进行修复(目前几乎减少了30%),而价值较低的蓝色空间减少了近三倍。采访显示,由于冰底和藻类大量繁殖,浅水湖的娱乐价值降低了。高数值归因于深的人工湖,这些湖的深度是自然湖的十倍以上,在冬天不会一直结冰。我们的生物特征研究表明,城市环境中的树木比相应的未受干扰地区的树木要高得多。由于大多数北极城市都是使用非常相似的规划思想和技术建造的,我们的发现将有助于客观地欣赏其他住区的绿色和蓝色空间。
Urban landscape combines built-up areas with strongly altered natural (green and blue) and other open spaces. Voluminous literature examines urban socio-environmental interactions in tropical and temperate cities, whereas high-latitude cities are rarely considered. Here, we create a historical perspective on urban green (vegetation) and blue (water) spaces in a sub-Arctic city of Nadym in Russia. Our study explores a novel way to combine quantitative information from satellite imagery and biometric studies with qualitative information from interviews with stakeholders and residents. Such a joint analysis helps to understand dynamics of the urban green and blue space as well as its value for society. Furthermore, we propose objective indicators reflecting societal values of spaces in connection with recreational and ecological services. By contrast to temperate city studies, we found that green space is less used in summer, but still highly valued, deep lakes are used and valued more than warmer shallow lakes, and winter white space do not shrink but enhance the urban public space. Satellite images reveal inevitable loss of green space to urban construction and its remediation by artificial plantings (almost by 30% at present), whereas less valued blue space decreased almost three-fold. Interviews reveal that shallow lakes have reduced recreational values due to ice bottom and algae bloom. High values are attributed to deep artificial lakes, which are more than ten times deeper than natural lakes and do not freeze throughout in winter. Our biometric studies show that trees in urban environment are significantly taller than in the corresponding undisturbed areas. Since majority of the Arctic cities are built using very similar planning ideas and technologies, our findings shall help objective appreciation of green and blue spaces in other settlements.
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