Leptospira: a spirochaete with a hybrid outer membrane.
Leptospira: a spirochaete with a hybrid outer membrane.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07262.x
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发表时间：
2010-08
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Matsunaga J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haake DA;Matsunaga J
钩端螺旋体是螺旋体的一个属，包括从水生腐生植物到侵入性病原体等各种生活方式的生物体。为了适应各种各样的环境条件，钩端螺旋体需要获得一个大的基因组和一个复杂的外膜，这些外膜具有细菌中独特的特征。最丰富的表面暴露在外膜蛋白是脂蛋白，它们通过氨基末端脂肪酸整合到脂质双分子层中。与许多螺旋体不同，钩端螺旋体外膜还包括脂多糖和许多众所周知的-桶跨膜外膜蛋白的同源物。由于钩端螺旋体跨膜外膜蛋白在Triton X-114洗涤剂分离中表现异常，因此对其的研究滞后于对脂蛋白的研究。由于这个原因，跨膜外膜蛋白最好通过评估膜整合和表面暴露来表征。毫不奇怪，一些介导宿主-病原体相互作用的外膜蛋白受到哺乳动物宿主组织条件的强烈调节。例如，钩端螺旋体免疫球蛋白样（Lig）重复蛋白被渗透压显著诱导，并介导与宿主细胞外基质蛋白的相互作用。分子遗传学工具的发展使得最终了解这些和其他外膜蛋白在钩端螺旋体发病机制中的作用成为可能。
Leptospira is a genus of spirochetes that includes organisms with a variety of lifestyles ranging from aquatic saprophytes to invasive pathogens. Adaptation to a wide variety of environmental conditions has required leptospires to acquire a large genome and a complex outer membrane with features that are unique among bacteria. The most abundant surface-exposed outer membrane proteins are lipoproteins that are integrated into the lipid bilayer by amino terminal fatty acids. In contrast to many spirochetes, the leptospiral outer membrane also includes lipopolysaccharide and many homologues of well-known beta-barrel transmembrane outer membrane proteins. Research on leptospiral transmembrane outer membrane proteins has lagged behind studies of lipoproteins because of their aberrant behavior by Triton X-114 detergent fractionation. For this reason, transmembrane outer membrane proteins are best characterized by assessing membrane integration and surface exposure. Not surprisingly, some outer membrane proteins that mediate host-pathogen interactions are strongly regulated by conditions found in mammalian host tissues. For example, the leptospiral immunoglobulin-like (Lig) repeat proteins are dramatically induced by osmolarity and mediate interactions with host extracellular matrix proteins. Development of molecular genetic tools are making it possible to finally understand the roles of these and other outer membrane proteins in mechanisms of leptospiral pathogenesis.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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