NG2-glia as multipotent neural stem cells: fact or fantasy?

NG2-glia as multipotent neural stem cells: fact or fantasy?
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.013
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发表时间:
2011-05-26
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
McKenzie I
McKenzie I
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Richardson WD;Young KM;Tripathi RB;McKenzie I

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循环神经胶质前体-“NG 2-神经胶质”-在发育和成熟的中枢神经系统(CNS)中是丰富的。在发育过程中,它们产生少突胶质细胞。在培养中,它们可以恢复到多能状态,这表明它们可能具有潜在的干细胞潜力,可以用来治疗神经退行性疾病。最近,一系列的命运图谱研究打消了这种希望,这些研究将NG 2-胶质细胞视为健康成人CNS中专用的少突胶质细胞前体-尽管梨状皮质中罕见的神经元产生仍然是一种可能性。在中枢神经系统损伤后,NG 2-胶质细胞的库扩展到包括雪旺细胞和可能的星形胶质细胞,但迄今为止还没有神经元。这证实了NG 2-胶质细胞在髓鞘修复中的核心作用。认识到少突胶质细胞的生成在整个正常成年期都在继续,这就提出了髓鞘的生成也可能参与神经可塑性的想法。我们回顾这些事态发展,突出当前感兴趣的领域,争论和猜测。
Cycling glial precursors - “NG2-glia” - are abundant in the developing and mature central nervous system (CNS). During development they generate oligodendrocytes. In culture, they can revert to a multipotent state, suggesting that they might have latent stem cell potential that could be harnessed to treat neurodegenerative disease. This hope has been subdued recently by a series of fate mapping studies that cast NG2-glia as dedicated oligodendrocyte precursors in the healthy adult CNS - though rare neuron production in the piriform cortex remains a possibility. Following CNS damage, the repertoire of NG2-glia expands to include Schwann cells and possibly astrocytes – but so far not neurons. This confirms the central role of NG2-glia in myelin repair. The realization that oligodendrocyte generation continues throughout normal adulthood has seeded the idea that myelin genesis might also be involved in neural plasticity. We review these developments, highlighting areas of current interest, contention and speculation.
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