The Relations among Observational, Physiological, and Self‐Report Measures of Children's Anger
The Relations among Observational, Physiological, and Self‐Report Measures of Children's Anger
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儿童愤怒的观察、生理和自我报告测量之间的关系
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Hyde
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Julie A. Hubbard;Elizabeth H. Parker;Sally R. Ramsden;Kelly D Flanagan;Nicole Relyea;Karen F. Dearing;Catherine M. Smithmyer;R. Simons;C. Hyde
我们的第一个目标是研究儿童愤怒的观察，生理和自我报告措施之间的关系。我们的第二个目标是调查这些关系是否因反应性或主动性攻击而变化。孩子们（272名二年级的男孩和女孩）参加了一个程序，在这个程序中，他们输给了一个作弊的同盟者。在每一轮游戏中，测量皮肤电反应、心率反应、愤怒的自我报告、愤怒的面部表情和愤怒的非语言行为。我们使用多水平回归来计算游戏过程中五个愤怒变量中的10对之间的关系。10对愤怒变量中有6对呈正相关。这些发现表明，使用任何一种方法来测量儿童的愤怒可能无法捕捉儿童的整体体验和愤怒表达的全部复杂性。此外，10种关系中有3种在更高水平的反应性攻击中更强，尽管没有一种因主动攻击而改变。这些发现表明，反应性攻击与更大的凝聚力的经验和表达愤怒比主动攻击。
Our first goal was to examine the relations among observational, physiological, and self-report measures of children’s anger. Our second goal was to investigate whether these relations varied by reactive or proactive aggression. Children (272 second-grade boys and girls) participated in a procedure in which they lost a game and prize to a confederate who cheated. Skin conductance reactivity, heart rate reactivity, selfreports of anger, angry facial expressions, and angry nonverbal behaviors were measured for each turn of the game. We used multi-level regressions to calculate the relations among the 10 pairs of the five anger variables over the course of the game. Six of the 10 pairs of anger variables were positively related. These findings suggest that measuring children’s anger using any one approach may not capture the full complexity of children’s overall experience and expression of anger. Furthermore, three of the 10 relations were stronger at higher levels of reactive aggression, although none varied by proactive aggression. These findings suggest that reactive aggression is related to greater cohesiveness in the experience and expression of anger than is proactive aggression.
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