Unravelling the Role of Rumen Microbial Communities, Genes, and Activities on Milk Fatty Acid Profile Using a Combination of Omics Approaches.
Unravelling the Role of Rumen Microbial Communities, Genes, and Activities on Milk Fatty Acid Profile Using a Combination of Omics Approaches.
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使用OMICS方法组合，揭示了瘤胃微生物群落，基因和活动在牛奶脂肪酸剖面上的作用。
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2020.590441
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Auffret MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stergiadis S;Cabeza-Luna I;Mora-Ortiz M;Stewart RD;Dewhurst RJ;Humphries DJ;Watson M;Roehe R;Auffret MD
奶制品是人类饮食的重要组成部分，对人体健康有益，但也是营养不良的饱和脂肪酸(SFA)的主要来源之一。最近的发现表明，瘤胃微生物组对奶牛的健康、代谢和生产性能的重要性突出表明，牛奶成分，以及潜在的牛奶SFA含量，也可能与微生物、它们的基因和它们的活动有关。了解这些机制可用于制定生产SFA较少的牛奶的成本效益策略。这项工作的目的是比较产奶奶牛的瘤胃微生物组，并确定潜在的代谢相关微生物机制。在相同饲养条件下，对48头荷斯坦奶牛饲喂相同的全混合日粮。采集所有奶牛的乳汁和瘤胃液样本，分析脂肪酸组成(用气相色谱)、瘤胃微生物群落和基因丰度(用全基因组鸟枪式元基因组学)和瘤胃代谢组(用500 MHz核磁共振)。(I)24头高SFA(占总FA的66.9-74.4%)和24头低SFA(占总FA的60.2-66.6%)；(Ii)8头极高SFA(占总FA的69.9-74.4%)和8头极低SFA(占总FA的60.2-64.0%)。SFA含量较高的奶牛瘤胃中乳酸菌、明串珠菌和卫氏杆菌含量较高，产乙酸杆菌和柯扎基亚变形杆菌较多，分枝杆菌较多，两种真菌(Cutaneotrichosporon和Cyphellophora)含量较高，甲烷短杆菌和原生微绿细菌含量较少。携带与牛奶FA相关的基因的奶牛瘤胃中丁酸、丙酸和酪氨酸的浓度也较高，黄嘌呤和次黄嘌呤的浓度较低。瘤胃微生物基因丰度对牛奶FA丰度变化的解释在76%~94%之间。元基因组学和代谢组学分析强调，在同一日粮下生产不同脂肪酸组成的牛奶的奶牛，在适应瘤胃pH降低、碳水化合物发酵以及蛋白质合成和代谢方面也存在不同的瘤胃代谢活动。
Milk products are an important component of human diets, with beneficial effects for human health, but also one of the major sources of nutritionally undesirable saturated fatty acids (SFA). Recent discoveries showing the importance of the rumen microbiome on dairy cattle health, metabolism and performance highlight that milk composition, and potentially milk SFA content, may also be associated with microorganisms, their genes and their activities. Understanding these mechanisms can be used for the development of cost-effective strategies for the production of milk with less SFA. This work aimed to compare the rumen microbiome between cows producing milk with contrasting FA profile and identify potentially responsible metabolic-related microbial mechanisms. Forty eight Holstein dairy cows were fed the same total mixed ration under the same housing conditions. Milk and rumen fluid samples were collected from all cows for the analysis of fatty acid profiles (by gas chromatography), the abundances of rumen microbiome communities and genes (by whole-genome-shotgun metagenomics), and rumen metabolome (using 500 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance). The following groups: (i) 24 High-SFA (66.9–74.4% total FA) vs. 24 Low-SFA (60.2–66.6%% total FA) cows, and (ii) 8 extreme High-SFA (69.9–74.4% total FA) vs. 8 extreme Low-SFA (60.2–64.0% total FA) were compared. Rumen of cows producing milk with more SFA were characterized by higher abundances of the lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella, the acetogenic Proteobacteria Acetobacter and Kozakia, Mycobacterium, two fungi (Cutaneotrichosporon and Cyphellophora), and at a lesser extent Methanobrevibacter and the protist Nannochloropsis. Cows carrying genes correlated with milk FA also had higher concentrations of butyrate, propionate and tyrosine and lower concentrations of xanthine and hypoxanthine in the rumen. Abundances of rumen microbial genes were able to explain between 76 and 94% on the variation of the most abundant milk FA. Metagenomics and metabolomics analyses highlighted that cows producing milk with contrasting FA profile under the same diet, also differ in their rumen metabolic activities in relation to adaptation to reduced rumen pH, carbohydrate fermentation, and protein synthesis and metabolism.
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影响因子：
15.5
作者：
Auffret MD;Dewhurst RJ;Duthie CA;Rooke JA;John Wallace R;Freeman TC;Stewart R;Watson M;Roehe R
通讯作者：
Roehe R
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Ferris, C. P.
通讯作者：
Ferris, C. P.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Givens, D. I.
通讯作者：
Givens, D. I.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Bylesjo, Max;Rantalainen, Mattias;Trygg, Johan
通讯作者：
Trygg, Johan
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Agostoni, Carlo;Bresson, Jean-Louis;Verhagen, Hans
通讯作者：
Verhagen, Hans