Age of acquisition in sport: starting early matters.
Age of acquisition in sport: starting early matters.
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DOI：
10.5406/amerjpsyc.124.3.0253
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Beilock S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hernandez AE;Mattarella-Micke A;Redding RW;Woods EA;Beilock S
尽管学习技能的年龄（习得年龄或 AoA）是从语言到音乐等领域中研究最多的成功预测因素之一，但迄今为止，很少有研究关注体育运动中的这一因素。为了揭示学习一项技能的年龄与运动员如何认知地表现该技能之间的关系，我们要求一组在 10 岁之前（早期学习者）或之后（晚期学习者）学习打高尔夫球的熟练高尔夫球手在室内果岭上进行一系列推杆。高尔夫球手处于孤立状态（单任务条件），同时监视扬声器中呈现的一系列文字（双任务条件），或者在被指示注意高尔夫挥杆的特定方面（以技能为中心的条件）时。早期学习者和晚期学习者在单任务和双任务条件下的表现同样出色。然而，在以技能为中心的条件下，学习较早的高尔夫球手比学习较晚的高尔夫球手表现更差。结果与迎角影响体育运动（如语言和音乐等其他领域）在记忆中的表现方式的观点是一致的。
Although the age at which a skill is learned (Age of Acquisition or AoA) is one of the most studied predictors of success in domains ranging from language to music, to date very little work has focused on this factor in sports. In order to uncover how the age at which a skill is learned relates to how athletes cognitively represent that skill, we asked a group of skilled golfers who learned to play golf before (early learners) or after (late learners) the age of 10 to take a series of putts on an indoor putting green. Golfers putted in isolation (single task condition), while monitoring a stream of words presented over a loud-speaker (dual-task condition), or while being instructed to attend to specific aspects of their golf swing (skill-focused condition). Early and late learners putted equally well in the single-task and dual-task condition. However, in the skill-focused condition, golfers who learned earlier performed worse than those who learned later. The results are consistent with the notion that AoA influences the manner in which sports, like other domains such as language and music, are represented in memory.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
FLEGE, JE;MUNRO, MJ;MACKAY, IRA
通讯作者：
MACKAY, IRA
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.24.2.267
发表时间：
1998-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Gerhand, S;Barry, C
通讯作者：
Barry, C
DOI：
10.1080/027249897392026
发表时间：
1997-08-01
期刊：
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY SECTION A-HUMAN EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Barry, C;Morrison, CM;Ellis, AW
通讯作者：
Ellis, AW
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Jackson, RC;Ashford, KJ;Norsworthy, G
通讯作者：
Norsworthy, G
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Hakuta, K;Bialystok, E;Wiley, E
通讯作者：
Wiley, E