Altered functional response to risky choice in HIV infection.
Altered functional response to risky choice in HIV infection.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0111583
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center (TMARC) Group
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Connolly CG;Bischoff-Grethe A;Jordan SJ;Woods SP;Ellis RJ;Paulus MP;Grant I;Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center (TMARC) Group
在有艾滋病毒风险和感染艾滋病毒的人中，经常会出现危险的决策，并且与执行功能障碍有关。然而，目前尚不清楚艾滋病毒是否会改变大脑对冒险决策的处理。这项研究对 21 名 HIV 血清阳性 (HIV+) 和 19 名血清阴性 (HIV-) 对照参与者进行了危险决策任务的神经基础研究。功能性磁共振成像是在参与者执行风险收益任务时进行的，该任务涉及在安全（20 美分）和风险（40/80 美分赢或输）选择之间进行选择。进行了检查组和决策类型的线性混合效应分析。进行稳健回归来检查 HIV+ 组中最低 CD4 计数与 Kalichman 性强迫症和大脑激活之间的关系。探索了任务效果和稳健回归之间的重叠。尽管在风险收益任务中的行为表现没有血清状态效应，但相对于HIV-组，HIV+个体在基底神经节（即尾状核）以及前扣带回、背外侧前额叶皮层和岛叶中表现出更大的风险选择激活。相对于 HIV-组，HIV+组的前扣带回和背外侧前额皮质对安全选择的功能反应也有所降低。在许多这些地区，具有较高最低 CD4 计数和较高性强迫症的 HIV+ 个体对安全与风险选择的差异反应较低。这项研究表明，在做出危险决策时，额叶纹状体环功能障碍与艾滋病毒感染相关。结合类似的组间任务行为，这表明 HIV+ 组中对奖励和行为控制至关重要的区域存在适应性功能反应。 CD4 最低点较高的 HIV 感染者表现出与血清阴性个体更相似的激活模式。这表明过去免疫抑制的严重程度（CD4 最低点）可能会对感染 HIV 的大脑处理危险选择产生遗留影响。
Risky decision-making is commonly observed in persons at risk for and infected with HIV and is associated with executive dysfunction. Yet it is currently unknown whether HIV alters brain processing of risk-taking decision-making. This study examined the neural substrate of a risky decision-making task in 21 HIV seropositive (HIV+) and 19 seronegative (HIV-) comparison participants. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted while participants performed the risky-gains task, which involves choosing among safe (20 cents) and risky (40/80 cent win or loss) choices. Linear mixed effects analyses examining group and decision type were conducted. Robust regressions were performed to examine the relationship between nadir CD4 count and Kalichman sexual compulsivity and brain activation in the HIV+ group. The overlap between the task effects and robust regressions was explored. Although there were no serostatus effects in behavioral performance on the risky-gains task, HIV+ individuals exhibited greater activation for risky choices in the basal ganglia, i.e. the caudate nucleus, but also in the anterior cingulate, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and insula relative to the HIV- group. The HIV+ group also demonstrated reduced functional responses to safe choices in the anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex relative to the HIV- group. HIV+ individuals with higher nadir CD4 count and greater sexual compulsivity displayed lower differential responses to safe versus risky choices in many of these regions. This study demonstrated fronto-striatal loop dysfunction associated with HIV infection during risky decision-making. Combined with similar between-group task behavior, this suggests an adaptive functional response in regions critical to reward and behavioral control in the HIV+ group. HIV-infected individuals with higher CD4 nadirs demonstrated activation patterns more similar to seronegative individuals. This suggests that the severity of past immunosuppression (CD4 nadir) may exert a legacy effect on processing of risky choices in the HIV-infected brain.
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DOI：
10.1076/jcen.25.7.893.16489
发表时间：
2003-10-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Basso, MR;Bornstein, RA
通讯作者：
Bornstein, RA
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Becker, James T.;Sanders, Joanne;Madsen, Sarah K.;Ragin, Ann;Kingsley, Lawrence;Maruca, Victoria;Cohen, Bruce;Goodkin, Karl;Martin, Eileen;Miller, Eric N.;Sacktor, Ned;Alger, Jeffery R.;Barker, Peter B.;Saharan, Priyanka;Carmichael, Owen T.;Thompson, Paul M.
通讯作者：
Thompson, Paul M.
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Bechara, A;Damasio, AR
通讯作者：
Damasio, AR
影响因子：
3
作者：
Becker, James T.;Fabrizio, Melissa;Sudre, Gustavo;Haridis, Anna;Ambrose, Timothy;Aizenstein, Howard J.;Eddy, William;Lopez, Oscar L.;Wolk, David A.;Parkkonen, Lauri;Bagic, Anto
通讯作者：
Bagic, Anto
影响因子：
3
作者：
Alexander WH;Brown JW
通讯作者：
Brown JW