Thought suppression inhibits the generalization of fear extinction.
Thought suppression inhibits the generalization of fear extinction.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112931
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Dunsmoor JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hennings AC;Bibb SA;Lewis-Peacock JA;Dunsmoor JE
将恐惧消退研究转化为压力和焦虑症的临床治疗的一个挑战是，消退学习往往不会超出治疗背景。这可能是因为海马体限制了灭绝记忆的表达。因此，下调海马可能有助于促进灭绝学习的泛化。一种下调人类海马活动的非药物策略是动机性遗忘，参与者故意试图抑制情景记忆的编码和/或检索。在这里，我们评估了这种策略是否可以通过增加思维抑制的灭绝训练来促进灭绝泛化。参与者的威胁条件使用两个条件刺激（CS）类别与电击配对。随后，在灭绝训练期间，一个CS类别伴随着思维抑制。24小时后，参与者进行了灭绝泛化测试，并对灭绝刺激进行了概念变化。与我们的预测相反，我们发现灭绝训练与思维抑制配对会导致电击预期增强（即，相对于标准灭绝，更差的泛化。我们的结论是，记忆编码过程中的思维抑制可能作为一种抑制性线索，阻止了灭绝记忆的获得，因此可能不是一个可行的策略，以促进灭绝泛化治疗焦虑症。
A challenge for translating fear extinction research into clinical treatments for stress and anxiety disorders is that extinction learning tends not to generalize beyond the treatment context. This may be because the hippocampus limits the expression of extinction memories. Consequently, downregulating the hippocampus may help to promote the generalization of extinction learning. One nonpharmacological strategy to downregulate hippocampal activity in humans is motivated forgetting in which a participant deliberately attempts to suppress the encoding and/or retrieval of episodic memories. Here, we evaluated whether this strategy could facilitate extinction generalization by augmenting extinction training with thought suppression. Participants were threat conditioned using two conditioned stimulus (CS) categories paired with an electrical shock. Subsequently, during extinction training, one CS category was accompanied by thought suppression. Participants were tested for extinction generalization 24 hours later with conceptual variations of the extinguished stimuli. Contrary to our prediction, we found that extinction training paired with thought suppression resulted in enhanced shock expectancy (i.e., worse generalization) relative to standard extinction. We conclude that thought suppression during memory encoding likely acts as an inhibitory cue that blocks the acquisition of extinction memories, and therefore may not be a viable tactic to promote extinction generalization in the treatment of anxiety disorders.
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