Epigenetic modifications of brain and behavior: theory and practice.
Epigenetic modifications of brain and behavior: theory and practice.
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大脑和行为的表观遗传修饰：理论与实践。
DOI：
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.07.001
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发表时间：
2011-03
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Crews, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crews, David
进化变化是选择的产物。选择作用于表型，其结果表现为基因型在连续世代中的表现。进化生物学家和行为生物学家特别感兴趣的是新兴的表观遗传学和行为领域。必须区分两大类表观遗传修饰。如果引起表观遗传修饰的环境因素持续存在（例如，母亲护理的频率和质量改变了每一代后代的大脑和未来行为）。由于环境诱导表观等位基因的变化，去除致病因素可以逆转环境依赖的表观遗传状态。当表观遗传印记通过种系介导时，发生种系依赖性表观遗传变化。这种效应与致病因子无关，目前没有证据表明生殖系依赖性表观遗传状态可以逆转。最后，只有依赖种系的表观遗传修饰才能真正跨代。虽然一个人的生命史是渐进的和连续的，但它可以被有效地看作是分裂的累积;每个时期都是从以前发生的事情中出现的，同时也为以后发生的事情奠定了基础。这些生活史阶段有些武断，许多特征跨越了传统的划分，但每个阶段往往有自己的特征行为学和对神经和行为表型的特殊贡献。为了理解这些情节是如何“契合”在一起的，有必要解构早期生活事件，并研究每个时期本身以及它如何与之前和之后的阶段相互作用。最后，生殖系依赖性和环境依赖性表观遗传修饰相互作用，导致行为中观察到的个体差异，这似乎是直观的，但直到现在，这一假设从未经过实验验证。
Evolutionary change is a product of selection. Selection operates on the phenotype, and its consequences are manifest in representation of the genotype in successive generations. Of particular interest to both evolutionary and behavioral biologists is the newly emerging field of epigenetics and behavior. Two broad categories of epigenetic modifications must be distinguished. Context-Dependent epigenetic change can be observed if the environmental factors that bring about the epigenetic modification persists (e.g., the frequency and quality of maternal care modifying the brain and future behavior of the offspring each generation). Because the environment induces epiallelic change, removing the causative factor can reverse a Context-Dependent epigenetic state. Germline-Dependent epigenetic change occurs when the epigenetic imprint is mediated through the germline. Such effects are independent of the causative agent and there is no evidence at present that a Germline-Dependent epigenetic state can be reversed. Finally, only Germline-Dependent epigenetic modifications can be truly transgenerational. Although an individual’s life history is progressive and continuous, it might usefully be viewed as the cumulation of divisions; each period emerging from what has gone before and, at the same time, setting the stage for what follows. These life history stages are somewhat arbitrary, with many traits spanning conventional divisions, but each period tends to have its own characteristic ethologies and particular contribution to neural and behavioral phenotypes. To understand how theses episodes ‘fit’ together, it is necessary to deconstruct early life events and study each period both in its’ own right and how it interacts with the preceding and subsequent stages. Lastly, it seems intuitive that Germline-Dependent and Context-Dependent epigenetic modifications interact, resulting in the individual variation observed in behaviors, but until now this hypothesis has never been tested experimentally.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0610410104
发表时间：
2007-04-03
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Crews, David;Gore, Andrea C.;Skinner, Michael K.
通讯作者：
Skinner, Michael K.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Guerrero-Bosagna CM;Skinner MK
通讯作者：
Skinner MK
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Márquez, C;Belda, X;Armario, A
通讯作者：
Armario, A
影响因子：
3
作者：
Curley, James P.;Davidson, Stephanie;Champagne, Frances A.
通讯作者：
Champagne, Frances A.
DOI：
10.1016/s0742-8413(98)00012-7
发表时间：
1998-06-01
期刊：
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-PHARMACOLOGY TOXICOLOGY & ENDOCRINOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Crews, D;Sakata, J;Rhen, T
通讯作者：
Rhen, T