Genetically modified plants are an alternative to oily fish for providing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the human diet: A summary of the findings of a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council funded project.
Genetically modified plants are an alternative to oily fish for providing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the human diet: A summary of the findings of a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council funded project.
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DOI：
10.1111/nbu.12478
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Burdge GC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
West AL;Miles EA;Lillycrop KA;Napier JA;Calder PC;Burdge GC
n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）主要存在于油性鱼类中，即二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），是细胞膜的重要组成部分，是正常发育和细胞功能所需的。人类从α-亚麻酸合成EPA和DHA的能力非常有限，因此必须从饮食中预先形成。然而，人们对油性鱼和鱼油的不适口性感到担忧，包括环境污染物的污染、排除鱼类和动物产品的饮食选择以及价格限制了EPA和DHA摄入量建议的有效性。此外，EPA和DHA的海洋来源在需求增加的情况下正在减少。因此，需要一种广泛可接受、可升级且可持续的EPA和DHA替代来源。这篇综述讨论了这些挑战，并利用最近的营养试验的结果，解释了如何克服这些挑战，从转基因植物的种子油工程生产EPA和DHA。在健康男性和女性中进行的试验评估了与鱼油相比，转基因亚麻荠的EPA和DHA在血液中的急性摄取和出现超过8小时，以及这些PUFA在膳食补充剂后并入血脂。研究结果表明，膳食补充剂后，餐后EPA和DHA掺入血脂和血浆脂质中的积累与鱼油一样好。从这种转基因植物衍生的油具有良好的耐受性。这篇综述还讨论了对人类营养、海洋生态和农业的影响。
The n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) present primarily in oily fish, namely eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are important components of cell membranes and that are needed for normal development and cell function. Humans have very limited capacity for EPA and DHA synthesis from α‐linolenic acid and so they must be obtained pre‐formed from the diet. However, perceived unpalatability of oily fish and fish oil concerns about contamination with environmental pollutants, dietary choices that exclude fish and animal products, and price limit the effectiveness of recommendations for EPA and DHA intakes. Moreover, marine sources of EPA and DHA are diminishing in the face of increasing demands. Therefore, an alternative source of EPA and DHA is needed that is broadly acceptable, can be upscaled and is sustainable. This review discusses these challenges and, using findings from recent nutritional trials, explains how they may be overcome by seed oils from transgenic plants engineered to produce EPA and DHA. Trials in healthy men and women assessed the acute uptake and appearance in blood over 8 hours of EPA and DHA from transgenic Camelina sativa compared to fish oil, and the incorporation of these PUFA into blood lipids after dietary supplementation. The findings showed that postprandial EPA and DHA incorporation into blood lipids and accumulation in plasma lipids after dietary supplementation was as good as that achieved with fish oil. The oil derived from this transgenic plant was well tolerated. This review also discusses the implications for human nutrition, marine ecology and agriculture.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Burdge GC;Tan SY;Henry CJ
通讯作者：
Henry CJ
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Betancor MB;Li K;Sprague M;Bardal T;Sayanova O;Usher S;Han L;Måsøval K;Torrissen O;Napier JA;Tocher DR;Olsen RE
通讯作者：
Olsen RE
DOI：
10.1016/j.plefa.2016.07.001
发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
3
作者：
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通讯作者：
Dennison, Ashley R.
影响因子：
7
作者：
Givens, D. Ian;Gibbs, Rachael A.
通讯作者：
Gibbs, Rachael A.
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Albert, CM;Campos, H;Ma, J
通讯作者：
Ma, J