In Search of Biomarkers to Guide Interventions in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review.

In Search of Biomarkers to Guide Interventions in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review.
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DOI:
10.1176/appi.ajp.21100992
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发表时间:
2023-01-01
影响因子:
17.7
通讯作者:
Sanders, Stephan J.
Sanders, Stephan J.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Parellada, Mara;Andreu-Bernabeu, Alvaro;Burdeus, Monica;San Jose Caceres, Antonia;Urbiola, Elena;Carpenter, Linda L.;Kraguljac, Nina V.;McDonald, William M.;Nemeroff, Charles B.;Rodriguez, Carolyn I.;Widge, Alik S.;State, Matthew W.;Sanders, Stephan J.

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To catalogue and evaluate response biomarkers correlated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms to improve clinical trials. A systematic review of Medline, Embase, and Scopus was conducted in April 2020. Seven criteria were applied to focus on original research that includes quantifiable response biomarkers measured alongside ASD symptoms. Interventional studies or human studies that assessed the correlation between biomarkers and ASD-related behavioral measures were included. 5,799 independent records yielded 280 manuscripts for review that reported on 940 biomarkers – 755 of which were unique to a single publication. Molecular biomarkers were the most frequently assayed, including cytokines, growth factors, measures of oxidative stress, neurotransmitters, and hormones, followed by neurophysiology (e.g., electroencephalogram and eye-tracking), neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI), and other physiological measures. Studies were highly heterogeneous, including phenotype, demographics, tissues assayed, and methods for biomarker detection. With a median total sample size of 64, almost all of the reviewed studies were only powered to identify biomarkers with large effect sizes. Reporting of individual-level values and summary statistics was inconsistent, hampering mega- and meta-analysis. Biomarkers assayed in multiple studies yielded mostly inconsistent results, revealing a “replication crisis”. There is currently no response biomarker with sufficient evidence to inform ASD clinical trials. This review highlights methodological imperatives for ASD biomarker research necessary to make definitive progress: consistent experimental design, correction for multiple comparisons, formal replication, sharing of sample-level data, and preregistration of study designs. Systematic ‘big data’ analyses of multiple potential biomarkers could accelerate discovery.
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