Monkeypox Virus in Nigeria: Infection Biology, Epidemiology, and Evolution.

Monkeypox Virus in Nigeria: Infection Biology, Epidemiology, and Evolution.
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尼日利亚的猴痘病毒:感染生物学、流行病学和进化。

DOI:
10.3390/v12111257
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发表时间:
2020-11-05
期刊:
Viruses
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Okeke MI
Okeke MI
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alakunle E;Moens U;Nchinda G;Okeke MI

文献摘要

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猴痘是由正痘病毒属猴痘病毒(MPXV)引起的人畜共患传染病。在尼日利亚39年没有报告病例后,MPXV于2017年重新出现(在巴耶尔萨州),以及旅行者猴痘(MPX)分别于2018年和2019年从尼日利亚出口到世界其他地区,引起了人们的担忧,即MPXV可能已经占据了天花病毒腾出的生态和免疫生态位。本审查X射线的知识现状有关的感染生物学,流行病学和MPXV在尼日利亚和世界各地的演变,特别是关于人类,细胞和病毒的因素,调节病毒的传播动力学,感染,及其维护的性质。本文还阐明了重组,基因丢失和基因获得MPXV进化中的作用,记载了MPXV感染中的信号转导作用,并回顾了目前可用于治疗和预防MPX的治疗方案。此外,还进行了全基因组系统发育分析,结果表明,最近2017年尼日利亚暴发的MPXV分离株与从尼日利亚出口到以色列的分离株是单系的,但与1971年和1978年分别从早期暴发中获得的分离株没有最近的共同祖先。最后,审查强调了知识的差距,特别是未确定MPXV的最终宿主动物,并提出了未来的研究工作,以解决悬而未决的问题。
Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), which is a member of orthopoxvirus genus. The reemergence of MPXV in 2017 (at Bayelsa state) after 39 years of no reported case in Nigeria, and the export of travelers’ monkeypox (MPX) from Nigeria to other parts of the world, in 2018 and 2019, respectively, have raised concern that MPXV may have emerged to occupy the ecological and immunological niche vacated by smallpox virus. This review X-rays the current state of knowledge pertaining the infection biology, epidemiology, and evolution of MPXV in Nigeria and worldwide, especially with regard to the human, cellular, and viral factors that modulate the virus transmission dynamics, infection, and its maintenance in nature. This paper also elucidates the role of recombination, gene loss and gene gain in MPXV evolution, chronicles the role of signaling in MPXV infection, and reviews the current therapeutic options available for the treatment and prevention of MPX. Additionally, genome-wide phylogenetic analysis was undertaken, and we show that MPXV isolates from recent 2017 outbreak in Nigeria were monophyletic with the isolate exported to Israel from Nigeria but do not share the most recent common ancestor with isolates obtained from earlier outbreaks, in 1971 and 1978, respectively. Finally, the review highlighted gaps in knowledge particularly the non-identification of a definitive reservoir host animal for MPXV and proposed future research endeavors to address the unresolved questions.
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发表时间: 2019-10-04
影响因子: 7.3
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