The influences of age on olfaction: a review.
The influences of age on olfaction: a review.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00020
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kamath V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doty RL;Kamath V
嗅觉功能下降在老年人中非常常见，65岁至80岁的人中有一半以上，80岁以上的人中有四分之三以上。这种功能障碍严重影响身体健康和生活质量、营养、食物享受以及日常安全。事实上，每年死于意外毒气中毒的老年人人数不成比例。正如这篇综述中所描述的，多种因素导致这种与年龄相关的丧失，包括鼻部充血改变，鼻病倾向增加，病毒和其他环境侮辱对嗅觉上皮的累积损伤，粘膜代谢酶的减少，筛板孔的骨化，受体细胞对气味的选择性丧失，神经递质和神经调制系统的变化，以及与神经退行性疾病相关的异常蛋白的神经元表达。现在已经确定，嗅觉丧失的减少可能是阿尔茨海默病和散发性帕金森病等神经退行性疾病的早期征兆。在这篇综述中，我们提供了老化嗅觉系统的解剖学和生理学的概述，该系统是如何在临床上被评估的，以及与其功能障碍相关的多种病理生理因素。
Decreased olfactory function is very common in the older population, being present in over half of those between the ages of 65 and 80 years and in over three quarters of those over the age of 80 years. Such dysfunction significantly influences physical well-being and quality of life, nutrition, the enjoyment of food, as well as everyday safety. Indeed a disproportionate number of the elderly die in accident gas poisonings each year. As described in this review, multiple factors contribute to such age-related loss, including altered nasal engorgement, increased propensity for nasal disease, cumulative damage to the olfactory epithelium from viral and other environmental insults, decrements in mucosal metabolizing enzymes, ossification of cribriform plate foramina, loss of selectivity of receptor cells to odorants, changes in neurotransmitter and neuromodulator systems, and neuronal expression of aberrant proteins associated with neurodegenerative disease. It is now well established that decreased smell loss can be an early sign of such neurodegenerative diseases as Alzheimer's disease and sporadic Parkinson's disease. In this review we provide an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the aging olfactory system, how this system is clinically evaluated, and the multiple pathophysiological factors that are associated with its dysfunction.
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影响因子：
4
作者：
Bahar-Fuchs, Alex;Chetelat, Gael;Savage, Greg
通讯作者：
Savage, Greg
DOI：
10.1016/j.devbrainres.2004.03.021
发表时间：
2004-07-19
期刊：
DEVELOPMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bédard, A;Parent, A
通讯作者：
Parent, A
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Borders, A. S.;Hersh, M. A.;Getchell, T. V.
通讯作者：
Getchell, T. V.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
CHALKE, H D;DEWHURST, J R;WARD, C W
通讯作者：
WARD, C W
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
CAMARA, CG;HARDING, JW
通讯作者：
HARDING, JW