Prevalence and risk factors of taste and smell impairment in a nationwide representative sample of the US population: a cross-sectional study.
Prevalence and risk factors of taste and smell impairment in a nationwide representative sample of the US population: a cross-sectional study.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013246
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发表时间：
2016-11-09
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Sun Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu G;Zong G;Doty RL;Sun Q
估计美国普通人群中味觉和嗅觉功能障碍的患病率，并探索其潜在风险因素。一项横向研究。对国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES 2013-2014）中收集的数据进行横断面分析。共有3 519名年龄在40岁及以上的男性和女性参加了2013-2014年的NHANES。 使用NHANES袖珍嗅觉测试，嗅觉障碍被定义为未能正确识别8种气味中的6种或更多。味觉障碍被定义为不能正确识别奎宁或氯化钠。嗅觉障碍的估计患病率为13.5%，味觉障碍为17.3%，味觉和嗅觉障碍为2.2%。对于嗅觉，而不是味觉，患病率估计随着年龄的增长而增加，男性和少数民族的患病率更高。在后向逐步logistic回归分析中，低教育程度、低家庭收入和哮喘或癌症史与嗅觉障碍的患病率较高独立相关，而轻度至中度饮酒（1-3杯/天）与这种情况的患病率较低相关。多变量校正后，非西班牙裔美国黑人、每天饮酒≥4杯和有心血管疾病（CVD）史与味觉障碍的患病率较高独立相关。根据在美国40岁及以上人群中进行的一项具有全国代表性的多阶段概率调查，嗅觉和味觉功能障碍分别影响了2050万（13.5%）和2630万（17.3%）人。 年龄、性别、种族、教育程度、家庭收入、轻度至中度饮酒和哮喘或癌症史是嗅觉功能障碍的重要危险因素，而只有种族、重度饮酒和CVD史与味觉功能障碍的患病率较高相关。
To estimate the prevalence of, and explore potential risk factors for, taste and smell dysfunction in the general population of the USA. A cross-sectional study. A cross-sectional analysis of data collected in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2013–2014). A total of 3519 men and women aged 40 years and older who participated in NHANES 2013–2014. Using the NHANES Pocket Smell Test, smell impairment was defined as failing to correctly identify 6 or more of the 8 odours. Taste impairment was defined as failing to correctly identify quinine or sodium chloride. The estimated prevalence was 13.5% for smell impairment, 17.3% for taste impairment and 2.2% for taste and smell impairment. For smell, but not taste, prevalence estimates increased with age and were higher in men and ethnic minorities. In backward stepwise logistic regression, low educational attainment, low family income and a history of asthma or cancer were independently associated with a higher prevalence of smell impairment, whereas light-to-moderate alcohol consumption (1–3 drinks/day) was associated with a lower prevalence of this condition. After multivariate adjustment, being non-Hispanic Black Americans, consuming ≥4 drinks of alcohol per day and having a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were independently associated with a higher prevalence of taste impairment. Based on a nationally representative multistage probability survey among the US population aged 40 years and older, smell and taste dysfunction affected ∼20.5 million (13.5%) and 26.3 million (17.3%) individuals, respectively. Age, gender, ethnicity, educational attainment, family income, light-to-moderate alcohol consumption and history of asthma or cancer were significant risk factors for smell dysfunction, whereas only ethnicity, heavy alcohol consumption and CVD history were associated with a higher prevalence of taste dysfunction.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Bursac, Zoran;Gauss, C Heath;Williams, David Keith;Hosmer, David W
通讯作者：
Hosmer, David W
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10650.x
发表时间：
1998-01-01
期刊：
OLFACTION AND TASTE XII
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hoffman, HJ;Ishii, EK;Macturk, RH
通讯作者：
Macturk, RH
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
DOTY, RL;SHAMAN, P;DANN, M
通讯作者：
DANN, M
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Bartoshuk, LM;Duffy, V;Weiffenbach, JM
通讯作者：
Weiffenbach, JM
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Doty, Richard L.;Heidt, Julie M.;Bigelow, Douglas
通讯作者：
Bigelow, Douglas